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EC number: 242-538-0 | CAS number: 18727-04-3
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
LC50 (96h) > 100 mg cobalt citrate/L (Danio rerio) (equivalent to > 135 mg cobalt hydrogencitrate/L)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Two studies on the short-term toxicity to fish are available for cobalt citrate (CAS 866-81 -9). Within the first key study conducted according to OECD 203 and GLP, Danio rerio were exposed to 100 mg/L test substance (nominal) for 96 h under static exposure in a limit test (Muckle, 2012). As a result, no mortality or any other effects were observed in any of the treatments, hence an LC50 of > 100 mg/L was reported, equivalent to > 135 mg cobalt hydrogencitrate/L. Analytical measurements showed recoveries of 93 to 99%.
In the second key study which was conducted according to national guidelines and OECD 203, Chinese rare minnows were exposed to 125 mg/L test substance (measured) for 96 h under static exposure in a limit test (Chen, 2013). As a result, no mortality or any other effects were observed in any of the treatments, hence an LC50 of > 125 mg/L was reported, equivalent to > 169 mg cobalt hydrogencitrate/L (measured concentrations as derived from analytical measurements, geometric mean).
Additionally, there are reliable data available for different analogue cobalt compounds.
Data on acute single-species toxicity tests resulting in high quality NOEC/L(E)C10 values (expressed as Co) for freshwater and marine fish (n= 12) are summarised in the WHO CICAD, 2006 (see attached table).A short-term toxicity test on the effects of cobalt chloride to Oncorhynchus mykiss conducted according to methods comparable to guidelines was chosen here as a representative test yielding the lowest effect concentration (Marr et al., 1998), resulting in a LC50 (96h) value of 1.406 mg Co/L, equivalent to 5.94 mg cobalt hydrogencitrate/L. Further results for other freshwater and marine fish are available and comprised in the attached table (range of 96h LC50 values: 1.4 - 333 mg Co/L for freshwater fish and 52.5 - >1000 mg Co/L for marine fish).
References: World Health Organization (2006). Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 69. COBALT AND INORGANIC COBALT COMPOUNDS.
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