Cinchonidine

Endpoint summary

Additional information

Stability:

Data on the stability of cinchonidine are only available for phototransformation. The calculated phototransformation of cinchonidine in air, calculated from the hydroxyl radical turn over rate is 126.3473 E-012 cm^3/molecule/s (1.09 E-05 cm^3/molecule/d). Therefore, we consider phototransformation in air to be negligible. These results are calculated using AOP v1.92, expecting, that phototransformation appears at a constant rate. The EPA recommends that empirical measures provide better results. However, empirical studies have not been done, so that we adapt the prediction.

Biodegradation:

The read-across substance cinchonidine hydrochloride was tested in a CO2 Evolution Test according to the OECD Guideline 301 B for 28 days (and 29 days after acidification) to determine whether the test substance is readily biodegradable. On day 28 (after acidification) the degradation in the test vessels reached an extent of 81.2% (mean value of three replicates). There was a high variation in the degradation behaviour due to the difference in the lag phases in the replicate vessels with cinchonidine hydrochloride. Because of the differing lag phases the 10-d-window was evaluated separately. In vessel 15 the lag phase ended between day 4 and 7, in vessel 16 the lag phase ended between day 11 and 14 while in vessel 17 the lag ended between day 11 and day 14. The 10-d-window was reached in all three test vessels. In vessel 15 the degradation extent was already on day 11 above 60%. In vessel 16 and 17 the degradation extent on day 11 was still below 10% and on day 21 it was above 60%. Therefore, cinchonidine hydrochloride reached the pass level for ready biodegradability (60% ThCO2 within a 10-d window). In conclusion, cinchonidine can be considered as readily biodegradable.

Bioaccumulation:

The given BCF, BAF and Biotransformation half-life estimations from the models for cinchonidine show, that cinchonidine has a low accumulation potential. Nevertheless, the EPA recommends that EPI Suite is a screening-level tool and should not be used if acceptable measured values are available. However, empirical studies have not been done, so that we consider a BCF of 18.7 L/kg, BAF of 28.1 L/kg and biotransformation half-life of 0.119 days.

Transport and distribution:

The EPI Suite v.4.11. results show that, cinchonidine adsorbs to carbon and in the environment. The major amount is distributed to soil. The estimated Henrys law constant of cinchonidine is approx. 1.47E-009 Pa-m3/mole.