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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Workers - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
1 889.1 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECHA factors in combination with recent scientific literature
Overall assessment factor (AF):
8.4
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
15 868 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Key 90-day oral toxicity study available; no repeated dose inhalation toxicity study available.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Different doses were tested in the various studies, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1.4
Justification:
Extrapolation from subchronic to chronic; see justification attached.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Allometric scaling is already applied in route-to-route extrapolation.
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
Justification:
No toxicodyanmic differences between speices; see justification attached.
AF for intraspecies differences:
2.4
Justification:
Refined assessment of population differences; see justification attached.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Results were based on key Klimisch 1-2 studies (and possible supporting studies).
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Justification:
For remaining uncertainties that would result from the above assessment factors.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
DNEL related information

Workers - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
267.86 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECHA factors in combination with recent scientific literature
Overall assessment factor (AF):
33.6
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
9 000 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Key 90-day oral toxicity study available; no repeated dose dermal toxicity study available.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Different doses were tested in the various studies, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1.4
Justification:
Extrapolation from subchronic to chronic; see justification attached.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
ECHA default allometric scaling factor for the differences between rats and humans is used.
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
Justification:
No toxicodyanmic differences between speices; see justification attached.
AF for intraspecies differences:
2.4
Justification:
Refined assessment of population differences; see justification attached.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Results were based on key Klimisch 1-2 studies (and possible supporting studies).
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Justification:
For remaining uncertainties that would result from the above assessment factors.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no DNEL required: short term exposure controlled by conditions for long-term

Workers - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - workers

Repeated dose toxicity was tested in various species, including rats, dogs, rabbits and monkeys. The NOAEL of 10000 mg/kg bw/day obtained in the key subchronic toxicity study in rats was confirmed to be consistent with data from docusate sodium and category members in supporting studies in rats; other data from other species were of limited reliability and relevance and therefore not taken into account.

General Population - Hazard via inhalation route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
559.01 mg/m³
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECHA factors in combination with recent scientific literature.
Overall assessment factor (AF):
14
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEC
Value:
7 826 mg/m³
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Key 90-day oral toxicity study available; no repeated dose inhalation toxicity study available.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Different doses were tested in the various studies, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1.4
Justification:
Extrapolation from subchronic to chronic; see justification attached.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
1
Justification:
Allometric scaling is already applied in route-to-route extrapolation.
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
Justification:
NNo toxicodyanmic differences between speices; see justification attached.
AF for intraspecies differences:
4
Justification:
Refined assessment of population differences; see justification attached.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Results were based on key Klimisch 1-2 studies (and possible supporting studies).
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Justification:
For remaining uncertainties that would result from the above assessment factors.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard via dermal route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
160.71 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECHA factors in combination with recent scientific literature
Overall assessment factor (AF):
56
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
9 000 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Key 90-day oral toxicity study available; no repeated dose dermal toxicity study available.

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Different doses were tested in the various studies, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1.4
Justification:
Extrapolation from subchronic to chronic; see justification attached.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
ECHA default allometric scaling factor for the differences between rats and humans is used.
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
Justification:
No toxicodyanmic differences between speices; see justification attached.
AF for intraspecies differences:
4
Justification:
Refined assessment of population differences; see justification attached.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Results were based on key Klimisch 1-2 studies (and possible supporting studies).
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Justification:
For remaining uncertainties that would result from the above assessment factors.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

Local effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no DNEL required: short term exposure controlled by conditions for long-term

General Population - Hazard via oral route

Systemic effects

Long term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
Value:
17.86 mg/kg bw/day
Most sensitive endpoint:
repeated dose toxicity
Route of original study:
Oral
DNEL related information
DNEL derivation method:
other: ECHA factors in combination with recent scientific literature
Overall assessment factor (AF):
56
Dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day
Modified dose descriptor starting point:
NOAEL
Value:
1 000 mg/kg bw/day
Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:

Not applicable

AF for dose response relationship:
1
Justification:
Different doses were tested in the various studies, therefore no additional factor is used.
AF for differences in duration of exposure:
1.4
Justification:
Extrapolation from subchronic to chronic; see justification attached.
AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
4
Justification:
ECHA default allometric scaling factor for the differences between rats and humans is used.
AF for other interspecies differences:
1
Justification:
No toxicodyanmic differences between speices; see justification attached.
AF for intraspecies differences:
4
Justification:
Refined assessment of population differences; see justification attached.
AF for the quality of the whole database:
1
Justification:
Results were based on key Klimisch 1-2 studies (and possible supporting studies).
AF for remaining uncertainties:
2.5
Justification:
For remaining uncertainties that would result from the above assessment factors.
Acute/short term exposure
Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified
DNEL related information

General Population - Hazard for the eyes

Local effects

Hazard assessment conclusion:
medium hazard (no threshold derived)

Additional information - General Population

Repeated dose toxicity was tested in various species, including rats, dogs, rabbits and monkeys. The NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw/day obtained in the key study in rats was confirmed to be consistent with data from docusate sodium and category members in supporting studies in rats; other data from other species were of limited reliability and relevance and therefore not taken into account.