Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 952-967-1 | CAS number: -
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
In a study on the acute toxicity to Daphnia magna it could be demonstrated that the EC50 (48h) for Disodium titanate is higher than the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) at 100 mg/L.
In a study on the toxicity to Algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) no statistically significant differences were found between the control and the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) at a loading rate of 100 mg test item/L at p ≤ 0.05. The EC50 (72 h) for Disodium titanate was therefore determined to be higher than the tested concentration.
For short term toxicity to fish and microorganisms, studies relating to TiO2 and Na have been assessed as being acceptable read-across substances in environmental systems - see below.
Dispersed nanosized TiO2 is not acutely toxic to fish with unbounded LC50 values ranging from >1 mg/L to >100 mg/L in freshwater and the LOEC for embryo has been shown to be ca. 1000 mg/l.The LC50 for NaCL in freshwater systems is 5840 mg/l
For microorganisms (activated sludge), no adverse effect was seen for TiO2 levels of 500 mg/l.
Sodium chloride in waste water treatment plant is well investigated as waste water treatement plant based on the sea shore may use sea water to flush the system. Sodium is known not to show an adverse effect on such systems. No end point study report for Na has been included.
Additional information
As with all inorganic salts, dissolution in water is only possible through dissociation of the salt.
Sodium titanates are effectively the sodium salts of the unstable titanic acid (titanium hydroxide). Titanium hydroxide is hard to isolate without rapid hydrolysis to titanium dioxide and sodium chloride. It is therefore proposed to base environmental and health assessment on these two hydrolysis products. To justify this read-across, evidence is needed that this hydrolysis occurs under biological and environmental conditions.
There has been extensive research on similar substances in the ‘titanate’ grouping and these all exhibit similar behaviour in that under acid biological conditions (eg if ingested) or if dispersed in water, there is dissociation of the ions and subsequent hydrolysis / oxidation.
It is noted that there is a potential for other titanium and sodium salts to form, such as chloride, sulphate, carbonate etc, but the titanium salts are themselves subject to further hydrolysis and oxidation.
Therefore, when diluted or in biological systems, the exposure will be to titanium dioxide and corresponding sodium salts.
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