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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
from 1988-08-11 to 1988-08-12
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: The test was carried out in accordance with an appropriate test method, and in compliance with GLP. No substance-specific analysis was performed.

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1988
Report date:
1988

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
shorter exposure period, no analytical monitoring
GLP compliance:
yes

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride
EC Number:
222-048-3
EC Name:
(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride
Cas Number:
3327-22-8
Molecular formula:
C6H15ClNO.Cl
IUPAC Name:
3-chloro-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylpropan-1-aminium chloride
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): QUAB1888

- Physical state: colourless liquid

- Other: good water solubility

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:
no

Test solutions

Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION

- Method: 10,000 mg of test substance were dissolved in 1L of dilution water, from which serial dilutions were made.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):
Daphnia magna
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM

- Source: in house bred
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): <24 h

- Method of breeding: as described in Nederlands praktijkrichtlijn NPR 6503 (1980)
- Feeding during test -
- Food type:
- Amount:
- Frequency:

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not reported, in house bred

Study design

Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
48 h

Test conditions

Test temperature:
Temperature of the test solutions was about 20 ± 1 °C
pH:
The pH of the test and control solutions varied between 7.3 and 8.0. 
Dissolved oxygen:
The oxygen concentrations of the test and control solutions were greater than 8.3 mg/l.
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal concentrations: 32, 56, 100, 180, 560, 1000, 1800 and 3200 mg/L.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM

- Test vessel: beakers

- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 150 ml glass beakers filled with 100 ml test medium.

- Aeration: no

- No. of organisms per vessel: 5

- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2

- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS

- Source/preparation of dilution water: synthetic water DSWL (as described in Nederlands praktijkrichtlijn NPR 6503 1980), prepared from ground water sourced near Linschoten.

- Alkalinity: expressed as hardness: 210 mg/L as CaCO3

- Ca/mg ratio: 2:1

- Culture medium different from test medium: no

- Intervals of water quality measurement: at 0 and 48 h

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS

- Adjustment of pH: not reported

- Photoperiod: 16 h light and 8 h dark cycle

- Light intensity:

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility and condition and colour compared to control after 24 h


TEST CONCENTRATIONS

- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8

- Range finding study: yes

- Test concentrations: not reported

- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: not reported
Reference substance (positive control):
no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
36.6 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
other: immobility
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
240.2 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
other: immobility
Duration:
24 h
Dose descriptor:
EC100
Effect conc.:
650 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
other: immobility
Details on results:
- Behavioural abnormalities: It was noticed that the swimming behaviour of the animals in test solutions differed from the controls; animals swam slowly with irregular movements and closer to the bottom.  In addition, animals in test solutions were said to be paler than in controls. At a concentration of 56 mg/l (36.6 mg/l as the test substance was 65.44 %) no difference between the test solutions and controls were noticed in swimming behaviour, appearance and number of the animals. Already at a test concentration of 100 mg/l the swimming behaviour of Daphnia was different from the controls. Apparently, observations were visual, no statistical analysis was made.

- Mortality of control: 10%
Reported statistics and error estimates:
EC50 was said to be calculated by means of a parametric model developed by Kooijman.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1. Number of mobile animals

 Time (h)  Concentration of test substance (mg/L)
  32  56  100  180  320  560  1000  1 800  3 200 
20  20  20 20  20  20  20  20  20  20 
24  20  20  20  19  18  13 

The results reported as whole test substance are:

24 h EC50 = 367 mg/L

24 h EC100 = 1000 mg/L

24 h NOEC = 180 mg/L

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
A 24 h EC50 value of 240 mg/L (active ingredient, equivalent to 360 mg/L whole substance) has been determined for the effects of QUAS 188 towards the immobility of the freshwater invertebrate D. magna.