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EC number: 234-576-1 | CAS number: 12012-35-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effects on fertility
Description of key information
An embryonic stem cells test showing negative results confirmed the lack of embryotoxicity of Cr(III).
Effect on fertility: via oral route
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 1 368 mg/kg bw/day
Effect on fertility: via inhalation route
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 30 mg/m³
Additional information
Short description of key information:
A subchronic rat inhalation toxicity study with chromium(III) oxide did not cause any fertility effects even at the highest dose tested. The NOAEC was 44 mg Cr2O3/m3, corresponding to 30 mg Cr(III)/m3.
A 60-day study, with rats fed high doses of Cr2O3 in bread did not show any fertility effects even at the highest dose of 1368 mg Cr(III)/kg bw/day.
As trichromium dicarbide is practically insoluble, the dermal route can be considered as irrelevant for reprotoxicity due to the low bioavailability of Cr.
Effects on developmental toxicity
Description of key information
No malformations were observed among the offspring of chromium(III) oxide treated rats (oral exposure, Cr2O3 baked in bread, fed for 60 days before mating). Based on this, oral intake of chromium(III) oxide would not cause developmental effects in the offspring. NOAEL is 1216 mg Cr(3+)/kg/day.
Effect on developmental toxicity: via oral route
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 1 216 mg/kg bw/day
Additional information
No studies on teratogenic effects of trichromium dicarbide were available and therefore read-across to other substances was applied.
No malformations were observed among the offspring of female rats orally exposed to chromium(III) oxide during 60 days before mating (NOAEL 1216 mg/kg bw/day). Maternal treatment with 200 mg chromium chloride/kg bw/day during gestation days 6-17 did not either result in any signs of embryotoxicity/teratogenicity or maternal toxicity. No signs of maternal toxicity were either observed, a fact which decreases the relevance of the results, as it is quite evident that a higher dose would be needed to reach a level with a potential to cause developmental toxicity.
An in vitro Embryonic Stem Cell Test with chromium(III)chloride supports the lack of embryotoxicity. Chromium chloride is much more soluble in water than trichromium dicarbide, and as no reprotoxic effects were seen with this substance, it is unlikely that trichromium dicarbide, with a clearly lower bioavailability, would cause embryotoxicity/teratogenicity or maternal toxicity.
The dermal route is insignificant for toxicity to reproduction caused by trichromium dicarbide, as the substance is practically insoluble and is not absorbed from the skin to the systemic circulation. No inhalation studies were found.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the the NOAEL and NOEAC values obtained with high chromium(III) oxide doses, there are no indications that chromium should be classified for toxicity to reproduction or for developmental toxicity.
Based on read-across, no classification is suggested for trichromium dicarbide.
Additional information
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