Dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid, compound with 2-amino-2-methylpropan-1-ol (1:1)

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Remarks:

the tested substance is AMP one of the components of the compound

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Not applicable

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: meets generally accepted scientific standards, well-documented, and acceptable for assessment

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Methods of Acute Toxicity Tests with Fish, Macroinvertebrates and Amphibians. Stephan, C. E., Chairman. 1975. Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms. U.S. EPA, Ecol. Res. Ser. 660/3-75009.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):Not applicable

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations:0, 32, 56, 100, 180, 320 and 560 mg/l, with ten fish per concentration. Before the test concentrations were prepared, the standard was allowed to warm to room temperature (22°C). The test concentrations were obtained by transferring appropriate aliquots of a working solution directly to the test chambers. The working solution was prepared in deionized water,

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Prepared in deionized water. Test concentrations were prepared based on the total compound.

Test organisms (species):

Lepomis macrochirus

Details on test organisms:

Bluegill sunfish were obtained from a commercial supplier, and held in culture tanks with a 16-hour light cycle, and acclimated for 14 days prior to exposure to the test material. Fish received a standard commercial fish food until 48 hours prior to testing, at which time feeding was discontinued. The fish had a mean weight of 0.21 grams and a mean standard length of 22 mm.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Hardness:

45 mg/L as CaCO3total alkalinity was 25 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

21-23C

pH:

7.0

Dissolved oxygen:

8.8 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Dose levels for the definitive assay were 32-560 mg/L in logarithmic series. Concentrations are reported based on nominal dose.Dose levels for the definitive 96-hour study were set in a 72-hour range-finding test at 1, 10, 100, 560, 1000 mg/L.

Details on test conditions:

The static bioassay was conducted in 5-gallon glass vessels containing 15 liters of reconstituted water (48mg NaHCO3, 30mg CaSO4, 30mg MgSO4, and 2mg KCl). Vessels were kept in a water bath at 21-23C, and the fish were acclimated to the dilution water and test temperature, and fasted for 48 hours prior to testing.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Antimycin A

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

190 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 150-250 mg/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: mortality and sublethal effects

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

220 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 170-280 mg/L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

220 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 170-280 mg/L

Details on results:

The LC50 data was reported as follows:AMP 24-hour LC50 = 220 (170-280) mg/LAMP 48-hour LC50 = 220 (170-280) mg/LAMP 96-hour LC50 = 190 (150-250) mg/LLoss of equilibrium and surfacing was noted in some fish at 320 mg/L.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The LC50 data was reported as follows:Antimycin A 24-hour LC50 = 0.000056 mg/LAntimycin A 48-hour LC50 = 0.000037 mg/LAntimycin A 96-hour LC50 = 0.000028 mg/L

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

The LC50 was determined with the Probit method

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Remarks:

There is no information on the stability of the test subtance. No mortality was observed in the control.

Conclusions:

The 96h LC50 and NOEC were 190 mg/L and 100 mg/L, respectively.

Executive summary:

The acute toxicity of AMP-95 to bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) was assessed using the methods outlined by the Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms. Water quality parameters of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and ammonia were measured throughout the test and were within acceptable limits. As a quality check, the bluegill sunfish were challenged with a reference compound, Antimycin A. The observed 96 hour LC50 and 95% confidence limits (C.I.) were within the 95% confidence limits reported in the literature, indicating that the fish were in good condition. The results of the four day static fish toxicity study using bluegill sunfish are: 96h-LC50 = 190 (150 -250 mg/L).

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Remarks:

the tested substance is the sodium salt of DDBSA one of the components of the compound

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Followed guideline, well documented, with analytical results.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: US EPA, 1975. Reliability, deviations and validity evaluated against the criteria of USEPA 850.1075, 1996.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method:USEPA (1975) Stock solutions were made up in deionized water without the use of a solvent and metered into diluter chambers by peristaltic pump. Mortality was analyzed by four methods: (a) the toxic unit (TU) concept, (b) the additive index, (c) concentration addition, and (d) response addition.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: Water samples for determination of test concentrations were collected at the beginning and end of each test.
- Sampling method: Samples were preserved with 1% formalin.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Not available

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Stock solutions were prepared by diluting the materials in deionized water to the desired concentrations.
- Eluate: Not applicable
- Differential loading: Not applicable
- Controls: Prepared using deionized water.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): Not applicable
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): Not applicable
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): None

Test organisms (species):

Lepomis macrochirus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Bluegill
- Strain: Not available
- Source: Not available
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Juvenile
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): Mean standard length: 4.2 cm, range: 3.0-5.1 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Average: 1.1 g, range: 0.5-1.9 g
- Method of breeding: Not available
- Feeding during test: Not fed
- Food type: Not applicable
- Amount: Not applicable
- Frequency: Not applicable


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: At least 10 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Same as test
- Type and amount of food: Not available
- Feeding frequency: Not available
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Not available


QUARANTINE (wild caught)
- Duration: Not applicable
- Health/mortality: Not applicable

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Hardness:

Total hardness was 137 mg/L as CaCO3.

Test temperature:

Temperature was maintained at 20 ± 2 °C.

pH:

The pH varied from 7.8 to 8.1.

Dissolved oxygen:

Dissolved oxygen in the fish tests averaged 9.0 (ranged 8.4-9.6) mg/L

Salinity:

Not applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Details of nominal and measured test concentrations are not available in the study report. Measured concentrations were 79 % of nominal concentrations. Results are based on measured concentrations.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed: Not available
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 15 liter glass aquaria containing 10 liters of dilution water.
- Aeration: Not available
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Not applicable
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 1.1 g/L


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: The dilution water was a blend of well water and deionized water, mixed to the desired hardness.
- Total organic carbon: Not available
- Particulate matter: Not available
- Metals: 10 heavy metals were measured, all were <0.2 mg/L.
- Pesticides: Not available
- Chlorine: Not available
- Alkalinity: Not available
- Ca/mg ratio: Not available
- Conductivity: Not available
- Culture medium different from test medium: Not available
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Dissolved oxygen, pH and hardness were monitored twice during the test.


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: Not applicable
- Photoperiod: 16 hours illumination
- Light intensity: Not available


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Fish mortality recorded 1, 3 and 5 hours after test initiation, and daily until test termination.


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: Not available
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Not applicable
- Range finding study: No

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

1.67 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 1.58-1.77mg/L

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: None
- Observations on body length and weight: None
- Other biological observations: None
- Mortality of control: None
- Other adverse effects control: None
- Abnormal responses: None
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: None
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: None

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Probit analysis of all mortality data in this study followed the procedures of Finney (1971).

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

All the criteria of USEPA OPPTS 850.1075, 1996 were met

Conclusions:

The 96 h LC50 of C11.8 LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate) to bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) was 1.67 mg/L, based on mean measured concentrations of active ingredient.

Executive summary:

In a 96 h acute toxicity study, Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) were exposed to C11.8 LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, an anionic surfactant) under static conditions. Nominal concentrations were not specified in the report. Measured concentrations were 79 % of nominal concentrations. The 96 h LC50 value, based on measured concentration, was 1.67 mg a.i./L, with 95% CL 1.58 to 1.77 mg/L. This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for the current USEPA OPPTS 850.1075 (1996) acute fish toxicity study.

Description of key information

In a 96 -h acute toxicity study, Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) were exposed to C11.8 LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, an anionic surfactant) under static conditions. Nominal concentrations were not specified in the report. Measured concentrations were 79 % of nominal concentrations. The 96 h LC50 value, based on measured concentration, was 1.67 mg a.i./L, with 95% CL 1.58 to 1.77 mg/L.

The acute toxicity of AMP-95 to bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) was assessed using the methods outlined by the Committee on Methods for Toxicity Tests with Aquatic Organisms. Water quality parameters of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and ammonia were measured throughout the test and were within acceptable limits. As a quality check, the bluegill sunfish were challenged with a reference compound, Antimycin A. The observed 96 hour LC50 and 95% confidence limits (C.I.) were within the 95% confidence limits reported in the literature, indicating that the fish were in good condition. The results of the four day static fish toxicity study using bluegill sunfish are: 96h-LC50 = 190 mg/L (150 -250 mg/L).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

1.67 mg/L

Additional information

In a worst case approach it is assumed that the toxicity to fish is determined by DDBSA, which leads to a LC50 of 1.67 mg/L.