Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 237-430-5 | CAS number: 13780-39-7
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
The conduct of an acute toxicity study on aquatic invertebrates with the target substance titanium oxychloride itself is being waived, as the substance is highly unstable in water and produces insoluble oxide after rapid hydrolysis. Nevertheless, based on the information available it can be concluded that neither the parent compound titanium tetrachloride, nor the target compound titanium oxychloride nor the final hydrolysis transformation products (namely titanium dioxide) exhibit acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The conduct of a short term toxicity study on aquatic invertebrates with the target substance itself is being waived, as the substance is highly unstable in water and produces insoluble oxide after rapid hydrolysis. Thus the aquatic hazard assessment is to be based on the transformation products. As pH effects are not true toxic effects and not relevant for assessment and as the chlorides are present in high natural background concentrations, the assessment bases on titanium dioxide.
Bazin (1994) was using for their study a solution of titanium oxychloride in 25% hydrochloric acid and containing initially 25.35 ppm of titanium oxychloride, expressed as titanium dioxide. After neutralisation titanium oxychloride was transformed to titanium dioxide. No aqautic toxicity was being observed. Aquatic toxicity data for the titanium dioxide in marine (Thomson 2007b) and freshwater (Warheit et al 2007 and Haley & Kurnas 1993) show the absence of short-term effects to invertebrates at nominal concentrations that are several orders of magnitude higher than the soluble concentration plus an additional load of undissolved microdisperse matter in excess. Physical effects on invertebrates might occur as a result of fouling, smothering or coating with high loadings of titanium dioxide precipitate but these are not a consequence of the toxicity of the substance. Actual ingestion was proven for daphnids (Haley & Kurnas 1993).
It is concluded that neither the target compound titanium oxychloride, nor parent compound titanium tetrachloride, nor the final hydrolysis transformation products titanium dioxide and hydrochloric acid (in its neutralised form) exhibit acute effects to aquatic invertebrates at the level of their water solubility in addition with undissolved microdisperse matter in excess, even if ingested.
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