Slags, ferrochromium-manufg.

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Acceptable, well documented study report which meet sbasic scientific principles. Read-across to kaolin and bentonite: The amorphous glass phase of FeCr-slag consists of practically insoluble silicates, and therefore selection of kaolin and bentonite for read-across is justified.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Topical prevention of poison ivy/oak dermatitis.

Author:

Epstein, W.L.

Year:

1989

Bibliographic source:

Arch Dermatol 125, 499-501

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The potential of different substances as topical protectants against experimental poison ivy/oak dermatitis was tested in humans. The test substances were sprayed on the volar aspect of each forearm of the test persons, and was repeated within 10-14 days.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Bentonite

EC Number:

215-108-5

EC Name:

Bentonite

Cas Number:

1302-78-9

IUPAC Name:

nitrilotriethane-2,1-diyl trinitrate

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

kaolin

IUPAC Name:

kaolin

Details on test material:

No data available.

Test animals

Species:

human

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

28 healthy men and women volunteers, who reacted to 4.75 nmol or less of urushiol, were selected for the test.

Test system

Type of coverage:

open

Preparation of test site:

other: Test material was sprayed on forearm. After 4 h, open patch tests with urushiol were applied to the forearms.

Vehicle:

not specified

Controls:

yes

Amount / concentration applied:

No data

Observation period:

Up to 10-14 days

Number of animals:

28 humans

Details on study design:

The potential of different substances as topical protectants against experimental poison ivy/oak dermatitis was tested in humans. A spray of kaolin, bentonite or silicone-containing areosols was applied on the volar aspect of each forearm of the test persons and was repeated within 10-14 days.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Irritation parameter:

other: no data

Basis:

other: no data

Time point:

other: 0-14 days

Score:

0

Remarks on result:

other: No signs of primary irritation were observed

Irritant / corrosive response data:

No signs of primary irritation were observed with any of the substaces.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: not specified

Conclusions:

Application of kaolin or bentonite on the forearm of humans did not cause any signs of irritation.

Executive summary:

The potential of different substances (for example kaolin and bentonite)

as topical protectants against experimental poison ivy/oak dermatitis was tested in humans. The test substances were sprayed on the volar aspect of each forearm of the test persons, and was repeated within 10-14 days. No signs of primary irritation were observed with any of the substaces. The compositions and concentrations of the sprays were not described.