Ethyl palmitate

Density

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

relative density

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method A.3 (Relative Density)

GLP compliance:

no

Key result

Type:

relative density

Density:

0.863 - 0.865 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

Conclusions:

The density of Ethyl Palmitate was determined at 0.864 g/cm3 according to a EC A3 method.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

relative density

Type of information:

read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Read-across category

Justification for type of information:

see attached document in section 0 "Categories" and section 13 "Assessment reports" for justification and rationale for the category approach.

Key result

Type:

relative density

Density:

> 0.847 - < 0.879 g/cm³

Temp.:

20 °C

Table 1: Results from key studies performed on the source substances of the category

Common  name	CAS	Fatty  acid  chain  length	Type of  alcohol	MW	Appareance	Density
Isopropyl  myristate	110-27-0	C14	Isopropanol	270,46	Liquid	Experimental result: 0.8532 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Isopropyl palmitate	142-91-6	C16	Isopropanol	298.51	Liquid	Experimental result: 0.854 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Ethyl  linoleate	544-53-4	C18:2	ethanol	308,5	Liquid	Experimental result: 0.875-0.879 g/cm² at 20 °C
Ethyl  oleate	111-62-6	C18:1	ethanol	310.52	Liquid	Experimental result: 0.872 g/cm² at 20 °C
Fatty acids, C16-18, butyl esters	85408-76-0	C16-18	Butanol	312.53 – 340.58	Paste	Experimental result: 0.847 – 0.853 g/cm³ at 30 °C
Fatty acids, C16-18 and C18-unsatured, isobutyl esters	84988-79-4	C16-18, C18:1	Isobutanol	312.53 – 340.58	Liquid	Experimental result: 0.865 g/cm³ at 25 °C
Isopropyl  isostearate	68171-33-5	C18iso	Isopropanol	326.56	Liquid	Q)SAR: 0.85 g/cm³ at 20 °C

 

Experimental results were obtained from studies performed on all the members of the category, except for isopropyl isostearate.

The density values obtained in key studies ranged from 0.847 to 0.879 g/cm3. Due to structural similarities of these chemicals, the values are homogenous as expected.

Based on the relative density obtained for the category members, it can be deduced that the target substance, Ethyl palmitate, has a density between 0.847 and 0.879g/cm3.

Conclusions:

Based on the results from source chemicals of the category, the density of Ethyl Palmitate ranges from 0.847 to 0.879 g/cm3 at 20°C.

Description of key information

The density for the target chemical "Ethyl Palmitate" is 0.864 g/cm3 at 20°C.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Relative density at 20C:

0.864

Additional information

Justification and rationale of the category approach for Ethyl palmitate

The category group covers alcohol linked to fatty acid chains unsatured and satured, via an ester function. This category includes mono-constituent chemicals and UVCB substances with varying acid chain lengths (from C14 to C18) and alcohol types (ethanol, isopropanol, butanol and isobutanol). This approach was performed in order to provide sufficient information for physicochemical, ecotoxicological and toxicological characterizations of the ethyl palmitate. Based on structural and physic-chemicals similarities, available experimental studies from source chemicals could be used for the target substance ethyl palmitate.

This category group includes:

-       Isopropyl myristate                                                 CAS 110-27-0

-       Isopropyl palmitate                                                 CAS 142-91-6

-       Ethyl linoleate                                                         CAS 544-35-4

-       Ethyl oleate                                                            CAS 111 -62-6

-       Fatty acids, C16 -18, butyl esters                          CAS 85408-76-0

-       Fatty acids, C16 -18 and C18-unsatured isobutyl esters              CAS 84988-79-4

-       Isopropyl isostearate                                                                     CAS 68171-33-5

-       Target substance : Ethyl palmitate                                                  CAS 628-97-7

In accordance with article 13 (1) of Regulation (EC) No. 1907.2006, “information on intrinsic properties of substances may be generated by means other than tests, provided that the conditions set out in Annex XI are met. In particular for human toxicity, environmental fate and ecotoxicity, information shall be generated whenever possible by means other than vertebrate animal tests which includes the use of information from structurally related substances (grouping or read across)”. Therefore, the available experimental data were collected and evaluated according to Annex XI requirements.

Summary of available studies on source substances for the density determination.

Except for isopropyl isostearate, all the members of the category have been tested for their relative density. The tested substances represent different fatty acid chain lengths (from C14 to C18) and different alcohols (from C2 to C4). The key studies performed on these category members show density between 0.847 to 0.879 g/cm3 at 20°C. Based on the structural similarities of these chemicals, the values are homogenous as expected.

An experimental study on the target substance, "Ethyl palmitate", was also performed according to EU Method A.3 (only method and results provided) and it gives a density between  0.863-0.865 g/cm3.

Conclusion

According to the Regulation (EC) NO. 1907/2006, Annex XI, 1.5, a Read-Across Category for "Long Chain Fatty Acid (from C14 to C18) and short chain alcohol esters (from C2 to C4) " was performed in order to provide information on Ethyl Palmitate.

This category was based on common and shared properties as:

- common functional group,

- common precursors and the likelihood of common impurities resulting from common process of

manufacturing,

- chemically structurally similar breakdown products obtained via the same biological processes into

the organisms, and

- constant pattern in the changing of the potency of the properties across the category.

Based on the relative density obtained for the category members, it can be deduced that the target substance has a density between 0.847 to 0.879 g/cm3. An experimental study on the target substance, "Ethyl palmitate", was also performed and it gives a relative density of 0.864 g/cm3 at 20°C. This value is within the expected range given by the category approach based on the structural similarities between source chemicals and target substance. Hence, this experimental relative density value of 0.864 g/cm3 is considered as relevant for assessment.