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EC number: 915-152-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Hydrolysis: due to the insolubility of reaction mass of lanthanum phosphate and cerium phosphate and terbium phosphate, hydrolysis assay can be waived (column 2 of REACH annex VIII).
Biodegradation: due to the inorganic origin of reaction mass of lanthanum phosphate and cerium phosphate and terbium phosphate, biodegradation assays can be waived (column 2 of REACH annex VII and IX).
Bioaccumulation:
Reaction mass of lanthanum phosphate and cerium phosphate and terbium phosphate has not been tested for its bioaccumulation potential. As a result, information on the constituents should be addressed.
Reliable bioaccumulation data in fish are only available on soluble salts of cerium and lanthanum, as nitrates and chlorides (Hao et al., 1996; Qiang et al., 1994; Yang et al., 1999). By contrast, no information was found on insoluble compounds of these rare earth as phosphates or oxides. Thus, the studies on the soluble salts, scored as reliability 2 according to Klimisch, have to be considered in a weight-of-evidence approach to conclude on the bioaccumulation potential of lanthanum phosphate and cerium phosphate. A first pre-requisite to this approach is to bring evidences that within the family of the rare earth compounds, soluble and insoluble forms of a same element show similar behaviour in terms of bioaccumulation in fish. Yttrium and gadolinium were chosen to demonstrate this assumption as these rare earth present bioaccumulation data for both soluble and insoluble compounds. By comparing the results of Qiang et al. (1994) with those of Yang et al. (1999), it could be concluded that soluble and insoluble forms of both yttrium and gadolinium show similar bioaccumulation behavior:
- For yttrium, no bioconcentration effect was indeed observed in Carassius auratus for the insoluble oxide form (Yang et al. 1999). For the soluble nitrate form, the BCF values measured in Cyprinus carpio ranged between 1.3 and 8 (depending on the considered organs, i.e. skeleton, muscles, gills); suggesting no potential for bioaccumulation (Qiang et al. 1994).
- For gadolinium, Yang et al. (1999) did not detect any bioconcentration effect of the insoluble oxide form in Carassius auratus. And, the BCF values of the soluble nitrate form measured in Cyprinus carpio ranged between 3.5 and 14 (depending on the considered organs, i.e. skeleton, muscles, gills); suggesting no potential for bioaccumulation (Qiang et al. 1994).
Data on both rare earths thus indicated that soluble and insoluble forms behaved similarly in terms of bioaccumulation in fish.
The same process could be expected for cerium and lanthanum. The data on the soluble forms reveal no potential for bioaccumulation:
- For lanthanum, three studies are available on the nitrate salt. Yang et al. (1999) observed no bioconcentration at all. Qiang et al. (1994) and Hao et al. (1996) reported BCFLavalues ranging from 0.83 to 18 (depending on the considered organs, i.e. skeleton, muscles, gills).
- For cerium, studies are available on nitrate and chloride salts. Yang et al. (1999) observed no bioconcentration at all using cerium trichloride. Hao et al. (1996) reported BCFCevalues ranging from 0.22 to 12.8 (depending on the considered organs, i.e. skeleton, muscles, gills) using cerium trinitrate.
Based on the evidence reported for yttrium and gadolinium that a same bioaccumulation behavior is expected for soluble and insoluble forms within the rare earth family, it can be expected the insoluble forms of cerium and lanthanum (i.e. phosphate) present in the reaction mass should not show any potential for bioaccumulation.
Less information are available on terbium. However, a study of environmental monitoring (Suzuki et al., 1975), scored as reliability 2, dealing with both terbium and cerium also showed these elements do not show any potential for bioaccumulation in the tested seawater organisms.
By analogy with its constituents, a similar conclusion can be expected for the reaction mass which is also characterized by a low water solubility (2.06 µg/L).
Adsorption/desorption: no data is available on reaction mass of lanthanum phosphate and cerium phosphate and terbium phosphate. Two methods exist to investigate adsorption/desorption:
- OECD Test Guideline 121 (Estimation of the Adsorption Coefficient (Koc ) on Soil and on Sewage Sludge using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)): It may be used as a screening. However, such a method is not suitable for inorganic compounds as reaction mass of lanthanum phosphate and cerium phosphate and terbium phosphate.
- OECD Test Guideline 106 (Adsorption/Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method): Here again, this method is hardly applicable to reaction mass of lanthanum phosphate and cerium phosphate and terbium phosphate. Indeed, this substance is highly insoluble (2.06 µg/l at 20°C, RCC study 2008). In the adsorption-desorption test, using batch equilibrium method, it is expected that the test item concentration in the aqueous phase could not be quantified due to the absence of an analytical method sufficiently precise to dose this highly insoluble compound.
As a result, a data waiving is proposed for this test, due to the absence of a suitable measurement method.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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