3,4-dicyanoaniline

Endpoint summary

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Genetic toxicity in vitro

Description of key information

Prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 with and without S9 metabolic activation system. 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro. Based on the predicted result it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

Data is from OECD QSAR Toolbox version 3.3 and the supporting QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: As mention below

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction is done using OECD QSAR Toolbox version 3.3, 2017

GLP compliance:

not specified

Type of assay:

bacterial reverse mutation assay

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material : 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile
- Common name : 3,4-dicyanoaniline
- Molecular formula : C8H5N3
- Molecular weight : 143.148 g/mol
- Smiles notation : N#Cc1c(C#N)ccc(N)c1
- InChl : 1S/C8H5N3/c9-4-6-1-2-8(11)3-7(6)5-10/h1-3H,11H2
- Substance type : Organic
- Physical state : Solid

Target gene:

Histidine

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

Not applicable.

Additional strain / cell type characteristics:

not specified

Cytokinesis block (if used):

not specified

Metabolic activation:

with

Metabolic activation system:

S9 metabolic activation

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

not specified

Vehicle / solvent:

not specified

Untreated negative controls:

not specified

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

not specified

True negative controls:

not specified

Positive controls:

not specified

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

not specified

Rationale for test conditions:

not specified

Evaluation criteria:

Prediction is done considering a dose dependent increase in the number of revrtants/plate

Statistics:

not specified

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium, other: TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102

Metabolic activation:

with

Genotoxicity:

negative

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Vehicle controls validity:

not specified

Untreated negative controls validity:

not specified

Positive controls validity:

not specified

Additional information on results:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: No mutagenic effect were observed

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: "Gene mutation"
Estimation method: Takes highest mode value from the 6 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((((((((((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" or "e" )  and ("f" and ( not "g") )  )  and ("h" and ( not "i") )  )  and "j" )  and ("k" and ( not "l") )  )  and ("m" and ( not "n") )  )  and ("o" and ( not "p") )  )  and ("q" and ( not "r") )  )  and ("s" and ( not "t") )  )  and ("u" and ( not "v") )  )  and ("w" and ( not "x") )  )  and ("y" and ( not "z") )  )  and ("aa" and ( not "ab") )  )  and ("ac" and ( not "ad") )  )  and ("ae" and ( not "af") )  )  and ("ag" and "ah" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Anilines (Acute toxicity) by US-EPA New Chemical Categories

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN1 AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Weak binder, NH2 group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Phenols and Anilines by Acute aquatic toxicity MOA by OASIS

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Anilines (Unhindered) AND Phthalonitriles by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures >> Quinoneimines OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures >> Quinones OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate formation OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate formation >> Hydroxamic Acids OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate formation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release >> Specific Acetate Esters OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Amino Anthraquinones OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Aminoacridine DNA Intercalators OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Coumarins OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide Side Chain OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Quinones OR Non-specific OR Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with  nucleoside bases    OR Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with  nucleoside bases    >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR Radical OR Radical >> Generation of reactive oxygen species OR Radical >> Generation of reactive oxygen species >> Thiols OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation >> Polynitroarenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Amino Anthraquinones OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> C-Nitroso Compounds OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Coumarins OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> N-Hydroxylamines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitro Azoarenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl Ethers and Nitrobenzoic Acids OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Quinones OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR Radical >> ROS formation after GSH depletion (indirect) OR Radical >> ROS formation after GSH depletion (indirect) >> Quinoneimines OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Amino Anthraquinones OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitro Azoarenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitrobiphenyls and Bridged Nitrobiphenyls OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl Ethers and Nitrobenzoic Acids OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Polynitroarenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution after glutathione-induced nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution after glutathione-induced nitrenium ion formation >> C-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ions OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ions >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Acylation OR SN2 >> Acylation >> Hydroxamic Acids OR SN2 >> Acylation >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after cyclization OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after cyclization >> Nitrogen Mustards OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Coumarins OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation >> Alkylphosphates, Alkylthiophosphates and Alkylphosphonates OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN1 AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Michael addition OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> 5-alkoxyindoles OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Alkyl phenols OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Arenes OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Hydroquinones OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Methylenedioxyphenyl OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Polycyclic (PAHs) and heterocyclic (HACs) aromatic hydrocarbons-Michael addition OR No alert found OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation >> Allyl benzenes OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation >> Aliphatic tertiary amines OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic azo OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic nitro OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic phenylureas OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary (unsaturated) heterocyclic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Secondary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Tertiary aromatic amine by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Non-Metals by Groups of elements

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkali Earth OR Halogens OR Metalloids by Groups of elements

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not categorized by Repeated dose (HESS)

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as 3-Methylcholantrene (Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR 4,4'-Methylenedianilines/benzidines (Hepatobiliary toxicity) Rank B  OR Allyl esters (Hepatotoxicity) Rank A OR Anilines (Hemolytic anemia with methemoglobinemia) Rank A OR Anilines (Hepatotoxicity) Rank C OR Methyldopa (Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR o-/ p-Aminophenols (Hemolytic anemia with methemoglobinemia) Rank B OR p-Aminophenols (Renal toxicity) Rank B OR Thiocarbamates/Sulfides (Hepatotoxicity) No rank by Repeated dose (HESS)

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Amine AND Aromatic compound AND Nitrile AND Primary amine AND Primary aromatic amine by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol)

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Sulfenic acid derivative by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol)

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Amine AND Aromatic compound AND Nitrile AND Primary amine AND Primary aromatic amine by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol)

Domain logical expression index: "r"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Phenol OR Primary aliphatic amine by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol)

Domain logical expression index: "s"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aniline AND Aryl AND Nitrile by Organic Functional groups

Domain logical expression index: "t"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alcohol OR Aldehyde OR Aliphatic Amine, secondary OR Alkene OR Alkoxy OR Alkyl arenes OR Allyl OR Amidine OR Aminoaniline, ortho by Organic Functional groups

Domain logical expression index: "u"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aniline AND Aryl AND Nitrile by Organic Functional groups

Domain logical expression index: "v"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Benzofurane  OR Biphenyl OR Carboxamide by Organic Functional groups

Domain logical expression index: "w"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aniline AND Aryl AND Nitrile by Organic Functional groups

Domain logical expression index: "x"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Pyridine by Organic Functional groups

Domain logical expression index: "y"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acetylenic Carbon [#C] AND Aliphatic Nitrogen, one aromatic attach [-N] AND Aromatic Carbon [C] AND Cyano, aromatic attach [-C#N] AND Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "z"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Tertiary Carbon by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "aa"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acetylenic Carbon [#C] AND Aliphatic Nitrogen, one aromatic attach [-N] AND Aromatic Carbon [C] AND Cyano, aromatic attach [-C#N] AND Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "ab"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Ester, aliphatic attach [-C(=O)O] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "ac"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acetylenic Carbon [#C] AND Aliphatic Nitrogen, one aromatic attach [-N] AND Aromatic Carbon [C] AND Cyano, aromatic attach [-C#N] AND Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "ad"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aliphatic Oxygen, two aromatic attach [-O-] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "ae"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acetylenic Carbon [#C] AND Aliphatic Nitrogen, one aromatic attach [-N] AND Aromatic Carbon [C] AND Cyano, aromatic attach [-C#N] AND Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "af"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Carbonyl, aliphatic attach [-C(=O)-] by Organic functional groups (US EPA)

Domain logical expression index: "ag"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= -1.07

Domain logical expression index: "ah"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 1.11

Conclusions:

4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8)was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.

Executive summary:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 with S9 metabolic activation system. 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro. Based on the predicted result it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (negative)

Genetic toxicity in vivo

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Prediction model based estimation and data from read across chemical have been reviewed to determine the mutagenic nature of 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8). The studies are as mentioned below

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 with and without S9 metabolic activation system. 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro. Based on the predicted result it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, chromosomal aberration was predicted for4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8) .The study assumed the use of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line with and without S9 metabolic activation system 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile was predicted to not induce chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, it is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro. Based on the predicted result it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.

In a study for structurally and functionally similar read across chemical, Gene mutation toxicity study was performed by Edmond Lavoieet .al. (Mutation Research, 1979) to determine the mutagenic nature of4-Aminophenyl sulfone (80-08-0). The read across substances share high similarity in structure and log kow .Therefore, it is acceptable to derive information on mutation from the analogue substance. 4-Aminophenyl sulfone was studied for its ability to induce mutations in strains of Salmonella typhimurium. The test compound was dissolved in DMSO and was tested at concentration of 0, 25, 50, 100, 250 or 500 µg/plate using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system. 4-Aminophenyl sulfone is not mutagenic to the Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system.

In a study for structurally and functionally similar read across chemical, Gene mutation toxicity study was performed by National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (Japan chemicals collaborative knowledge database (J-check), 2017) to determine the mutagenic nature of 3-Aminotoluene (108-44-1). The read across substances share high similarity in structure and log kow .Therefore, it is acceptable to derive information on mutation from the analogue substance. Genetic toxicity in vitro study was assessed for3-Aminotoluene. For this purpose bacterial reverse mutation assay was performed according to Guidelines for Screening Mutagenicity Testing of Chemicals(Japan) and OECD Test Guideline 471.The test material was exposed to Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1537, Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA in the presence and absence of metabolic activation S9. The concentration of test material used in the presence and absence of metabolic activation were 0, 313, 625, 1250, 2500, 5000µg/plate. No mutagenic effects were observed in all strains, in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. Therefore 3-Aminotoluene was considered to be non mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA1535, TA98, TA1537, Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA by AMES test. Hence the substance cannot be classified as gene mutant in vitro.

Based on the data available for the target chemical and its read across substance and applying weight of evidence 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8)does not exhibit gene mutation in vitro. Hence the test chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Thus based on the above annotation and CLP criteria for the target chemical and its read across substance and applying weight of evidence 4-aminobenzene-1,2-dicarbonitrile (56765-79-8)does not exhibit gene mutation in vitro. Hence the test chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.