Calcination products of titanium dioxide, tin monoxide, zinc oxide and dihydrogen wolframate

Repeated dose toxicity: oral

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2008

Report date:

2008

Reference 2

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2008

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE

Limit test:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

-

EC Number:

485-430-0

EC Name:

-

Cas Number:

923954-49-8

Molecular formula:

SnxZnyTi2Oz with x = 0,5 – 1,7 y = 0,5 – 1,7 z = 5,5 – 7,5

IUPAC Name:

Tin Titanium Zinc kegginite B

Details on test material:

- Test substance No.: 07/0285-1
- Date of production: May 29, 2007
- Physical state: solid / orange
- Analytical purity: 99.61 g/100 g (Project No. 07L00144)
- Lot/batch No.: GV 33900-66
- Storage condition of test material: ambient (RT)

Test animals

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories, Research Models and Services, Germany GmbH, Sandhofer Weg 7, 97633 Sulzfeld
- Age at study initiation: 42 +/- 1 days
- Weight at study initiation: mean 173.5 g (males), 138.9 g (females)
- Housing: (5 animals per cage) in H-Temp (PSU) cages supplied by TECNIPLAST, Hohenpeißenberg, Germany (floor area about 2065 cm2);
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ground Kliba maintenance diet mouse/rat “GLP”, meal, supplied by Provimi Kliba SA, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland; ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): drinking water (from water bottles); ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 6 days


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 - 24
- Humidity (%): 30 - 70
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12

Administration / exposure

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose)

Details on oral exposure:

PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
The test substance was applied as a suspension. To prepare the suspension, the appropriate amount of test substance was weighed out depending on the desired concentration. Then the vehicle (drinking water with 1% Carboxymethylcellulose) was filled up to the desired volume, subsequently mixed using a magnetic stirrer. The suspension was hold homogeneous by magnetic stirrer during application. The test-substance preparations were prepared daily, because no stability analysis was carried out. The test substance does not change chemical identity in aqueous suspensions. The sponsor approved the stability of the test substance in physiologic vehicles.

Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

yes

Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:

The analyses were carried out as a separate study at the test facility GKA Competence Center Analytics BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany under the response of the Study Director of this test facility. The study was carried out in complaince with the Principles of Good Laboratory Practice.
Determination by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission specrometry (ICP-OES) after acid digestion

Duration of treatment / exposure:

28 d

Frequency of treatment:

daily

Doses / concentrations

Doses / concentrations 1

Dose / conc.:

100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Doses / concentrations 2

Dose / conc.:

300 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Doses / concentrations 3

Dose / conc.:

1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5

Control animals:

yes, concurrent vehicle

Details on study design:

- Dose selection rationale: by request of the sponsor

Examinations

Observations and examinations performed and frequency:

CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: made twice daily on working days and once daily on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays
- Cage side observations checked in table were included.


DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: prior to the administration period and thereafter at weekly intervals


BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: before the start of the administration period in order to randomize the animals. During the administration period the body weight was determined on day 0 (start of the administration period) and thereafter at weekly intervals


FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study):
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: Yes
- Compound intake calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No


FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: Yes


WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: daily by visual inspection of the water bottles for any overt changes in volume


OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No


HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: in the morning at the end of application period
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes (isofluran)
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals: 5 animals per test group and sex
- Parameters examined: leukocyte count, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, differential blood count, reticulocytes, clotting analyses, prothrombin time


CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: in the morning at the end of application period
- Animals fasted: Yes
- How many animals: 5 animals per test group and sex
- Parameters examined: alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyltransferase, sodium, potassium, chloride, inorganic phosphate, calcium, urea, creatinine, glucose, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, globulins, triglycerides, cholsetsreol, magnesium


URINALYSIS: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of urine: in the morning at the end of application period
- Metabolism cages used for collection of urine: Yes
- Animals fasted: Yes
- Parameters examined: pH, protein, glucose, ketones, urobilinogen, bilirubin, blood, specific gravity, sediment, color, turbidity, volume


NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: after about 4 weeks of treatment
- Battery of functions tested: sensory activity / grip strength / motor activity / FOB

METABOLIC PROFILE
- Time schedule for collection of serum: in the morning at day 29
- Method: GC-MS and LC-M
- Analysis of data: MetaMap Tox-database

Sacrifice and pathology:

GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes

Results and discussion

Results of examinations

Clinical signs:

effects observed, treatment-related

Description (incidence and severity):

Body weight loss (assumed as worse-case assumption) with a NOEL of 600 mg/kg bw.

Mortality:

no mortality observed

Body weight and weight changes:

no effects observed

Effect levels

Dose descriptor:

NOAEL

Effect level:

600 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)

Based on:

test mat.

Sex:

male/female

Basis for effect level:

body weight and weight gain

histopathology: non-neoplastic

other: Assumption for worst-case leaching

Target system / organ toxicity

Critical effects observed:

yes

Lowest effective dose / conc.:

1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)

System:

urinary

Organ:

kidney

Treatment related:

yes