Reaction products of 1,5-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione and 1,8-diaminoanthracene-9,10-dione with bromine

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

FAT 36002 is considered to be a skin sensitiser.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin sensitisation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

The study was conducted between 21 April 2016 and 05 May 2016

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

None

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Version / remarks:

220July 2010

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Version / remarks:

2008

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of study:

mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Approximately 4”C in the dark

Species:

mouse

Strain:

CBA/Ca

Remarks:

CBA/CaOlaHsd

Sex:

female

Details on test animals and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source : Envigo RMS B.V., Inc., Horst, The Netherlands
- Females (if applicable) nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Microbiological status of animals, when known:
- Age at study initiation: 8-12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation:15-23 g
- Housing: suspended solid floor polypropylene cages furnished with softwood woodflakes
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
- Acclimation period: >5 days
- Indication of any skin lesions: no

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 19-25”C
- Humidity (%):30-70%
- Air changes (per hr): >15 per hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):12/12
- IN-LIFE DATES: From: 21 April 2016 To: 05 May 2016

Vehicle:

propylene glycol

Concentration:

Screening Test = 10% w/w
Main Test = 2.5%, 5% and 10% w/w

No. of animals per dose:

Screening test = 1 mouse
Main test = 4 mice per dose

Details on study design:

Preliminary Screening Test
As no toxicological information was available regarding the systemic toxicity/irritancy potential of the test item, a preliminary screening test was performed using one mouse. The mouse was treated by daily application of 25 µL of the test item at a maximum attainable concentration of 10% w/w in propylene glycol, to the dorsal surface of each ear for three consecutive days (Days 1, 2, 3). The mouse was observed twice daily on Days 1, 2 and 3 and once daily on Days 4, 5 and 6. Local skin irritation was scored daily according to the scale included below. Any clinical signs of toxicity, if present, were also recorded. The body weight was recorded on Day 1 (prior to dosing) and on Day 6.
The thickness of each ear was measured using a Mitutoyo 547 300S gauge (Mitutoyo Corporation), pre dose on Day 1, post dose on Day 3 and on Day 6. Any changes in the ear thickness were noted. Mean ear thickness changes were calculated between time periods Days 1 and 3 and Days 1 and 6. A mean ear thickness increase of equal to or greater than 25% was considered to indicate excessive irritation and limited biological relevance to the endpoint of sensitization.

Main Test
Test Item Administration
Groups of four mice were treated with the test item at concentrations of 10%, 5% or 2.5% w/w in propylene glycol. The preliminary screening test suggested that the test item would not produce systemic toxicity or excessive local skin irritation at the highest suitable concentration. The mice were treated by daily application of 25 µL of the appropriate concentration of the test item to the dorsal surface of each ear for three consecutive days (Days 1, 2, 3). The test item formulation was administered using an automatic micropipette and spread over the dorsal surface of the ear using the tip of the pipette.
A further group of four mice received the vehicle alone in the same manner.

3H-Methyl Thymidine Administration
Five days following the first topical application of the test item or vehicle (Day 6) all mice were injected via the tail vein with 250 µL of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 3H methyl thymidine (3HTdR: 80 µCi/mL, specific activity 2.0 Ci/mmoL, ARC UK Ltd) giving a total of 20 µCi to each mouse.
Observations
Clinical Observations: All animals were observed twice daily on Days 1, 2 and 3 and on a daily basis on Days 4, 5 and 6. Any signs of toxicity or signs of ill health during the test were recorded.
Body Weights: The body weight of each mouse was recorded on Day 1 (prior to dosing) and Day 6 (prior to termination).

Terminal Procedures
Termination: Five hours following the administration of 3HTdR all mice were killed by carbon dioxide asphyxiation followed by cervical separation. The draining auricular lymph nodes from the four mice were excised and pooled for each experimental group. For each group 1 mL of PBS was added to the pooled lymph nodes.

Preparation of Single Cell Suspension: A single cell suspension of pooled lymph node cells was prepared by gentle mechanical disaggregation through a 200 mesh stainless steel gauze. The lymph node cells were rinsed through the gauze with 4 mL of PBS into a petri dish labeled with the study number and dose concentration. The lymph node cell suspension was transferred to a centrifuge tube. The petri dish was washed with an additional 5 mL of PBS to remove all remaining lymph node cells and these were added to the centrifuge tube. The pooled lymph node cells were pelleted at 1400 rpm (approximately 190 g) for 10 minutes. The pellet was re suspended in 10 mL of PBS and re pelleted. To precipitate out the radioactive material, the pellet was re suspended in 3 mL of 5% Trichloroacetic acid (TCA).

Determination of 3HTdR Incorporation: After approximately 18 hours incubation at approximately 4 C, the precipitates were recovered by centrifugation at 2100 rpm (approximately 450 g) for 10 minutes, re suspended in 1 mL of TCA and transferred to 10 mL of scintillation fluid. 3HTdR incorporation was measured by scintillation counting. The "Poly Q™" vials containing the samples and scintillation fluid were placed in the sample changer of the scintillator and left to stand in darkness for approximately 20 minutes. The purpose of this period of time in darkness was to reduce the risk of luminescence, which has been shown to affect the reliability of the results. After approximately 20 minutes, the vials were shaken vigorously. The number of radioactive disintegrations per minute was then measured using the Beckman LS6500 scintillation system (Beckman Instruments Inc, Fullerton, CA, USA).

Positive control substance(s):

other: Phenylacetaldehyde (>90%), 5% v/v in propylene glycol

Positive control results:

Phenylacetaldehyde (>90%) was considered to be a sensitizer under the conditions of the test, with a Stimulation Index of 9.89

Key result

Parameter:

SI

Value:

8.22

Test group / Remarks:

2.5% w/w

Remarks on result:

other: Positive

Key result

Parameter:

SI

Value:

8.42

Test group / Remarks:

5% w/w

Remarks on result:

other: Positive

Key result

Parameter:

SI

Value:

8.4

Test group / Remarks:

10% w/w

Remarks on result:

other: Positive

Cellular proliferation data / Observations:

Estimation of the Proliferative Response of Lymph Node Cells
The radioactive disintegrations per minute per lymph node and the stimulation index are given in Appendix 4.
The Stimulation Index expressed as the mean radioactive incorporation for each treatment group divided by the mean radioactive incorporation of the vehicle control group are as follows:
Concentration (%w/w) in
propylene glycol Stimulation Index Result
2.5 8.22 Positive
5 8.42 Positive
10 8.40 Positive

There were no deaths. No signs of systemic toxicity were noted in the test or control animals during the test.

Body weight change of the test animals between Day 1 and Day 6 was comparable to that observed in the corresponding control group animals over the same period.

None

Interpretation of results:

Category 1A (indication of significant skin sensitising potential) based on GHS criteria

Conclusions:

The test item was considered to be a sensitizer under the conditions of the test.
It was reasonable to assume that the test item was classified as a contact sensitizer (Category 1A) according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals.

Executive summary:

A study was performed to assess the skin sensitization potential of the test item in the CBA/Ca strain mouse following topical application to the dorsal surface of the ear.

Methods

Following a preliminary screening test in which no clinical signs of toxicity were noted at a maximum attainable concentration of 10% w/w, this concentration was selected as the highest dose investigated in the main test of the Local Lymph Node Assay. Three groups, each of four animals, were treated with 50 µL (25 µL per ear) of the test item as a suspension in propylene glycol at concentrations of 10%, 5% or 2.5% w/w. A further group of four animals was treated with propylene glycol alone.

Results

The Stimulation Index expressed as the mean radioactive incorporation for each treatment group divided by the mean radioactive incorporation of the vehicle control group are as follows:

Concentration (% w/w) in propylene glycol	Stimulation Index	Result
2.5	8.22	Positive
5	8.42	Positive
10	8.40	Positive

Conclusion

The test item was considered to be a sensitizer under the conditions of the test.

It was reasonable to assume that the test item was classified as a contact sensitizer (Category 1A) according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (sensitising)

Additional information:

FAT 36002 was evaluated for skin sensitisation potential in a local lymph node assay. The Stimulation Index obtained in this assay, expressed as the mean radioactive incorporation for each treatment group divided by the mean radioactive incorporation of the vehicle control group are as follows:

Concentration (% w/w) in propylene glycol	Stimulation Index	Result
2.5	8.22	Positive
5	8.42	Positive
10	8.40	Positive

Hence, the test item was considered to be a sensitizer under the conditions of the test.

Respiratory sensitisation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Justification for classification or non-classification

The test item was considered to be a sensitizer under the conditions of the test.

It was reasonable to assume that the test item was classified as a contact sensitizer (Category 1A) according to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals.