Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
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EC number: 237-301-3 | CAS number: 13732-62-2
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
The test substance is soluble in water and dissociates to morpholinium and toluene-4 -sulphonate ions. Since no studies of the test substance for any of the environmental fate and pathway endpoints are available, the assessments have been performed with the substance's dissociation products. For this purpose, morpholine, toluene-4 -sulphonate and additionally - in the case of the biodegradation assessment - the category of aromatic sulfonic acids which include toluene-4 -sulphonic acid as well as its hydrotropes have been consulted for the evaluation on a read-across approach, respectively.
The aromatic sulphonic acids are soluble in water and almost completely ionized in watery environments even at low pH. They are neither sorptive, nor volatile, nor bioaccumulative. The studies with the salts (hydrotropes) provide valid read-across for the acids. The specific cation is not expected to have an appreciable effect on fate, ecotoxicity or mammalian toxicity and therefore the dataset for the entire hydrotropes category can be applied broadly. In principle the salts get dissociated when in contact with water, so forming back to the acids. Because of their close chemical similarities and because much of the production of the aromatic sulphonic acids goes to manufacturing the salts, the extensive dataset for the hydrotropes can also be used as a source of read-across for endpoints in an aromatic sulphonic acid dossier. This is particularly relevant for studies that are conducted in water (e.g., ecotoxicity and biodegradation) as well as for mammalian toxicity studies where the relatively high acidity of the acid form has an immediate and harsh local effect, whereas the salt form provides an indication of potential systemic toxicity beyond the site of application or initial contact
Biodegradation
The biodegradability of morpholine has been examined in a non-GLP guideline study according to OECD 301E with municipal waste water treatment plant effluent as inoculum [BASF AG 1990]. After 28 days a degradation rate of 93 % could be determined.
In total, 14 biodegradation studies - 7 with the acid forms and 7 with the salt forms - support a conclusion of ready biodegradability. These substances are neither hydrolysable nor photolysable.
Based on all available data on morpholine, the aromatic sulphonic acids and its hydrotropes, the test substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
Bioaccumulation
The bioaccumulation potential of morpholine was studied in a flow-through test with Cyprinus carpio for a 6 week exposure period according to the MITI protocol. The BCF at the lower test concentration (0.5 mg/L) was determined to be < 2.8 while the BCF at the higher test concentration (5 mg/L) was determined to be < 0.3 [CITI, 1992].
The available study with toluene-4-sulphonate investigated the bioaccumulation of the radiolabeled substance in guppies under semistatic conditions. During the course of the 9 day exposure, the absorbtion factor remained below 1 [Ueda et al., 1988].
Thus, accumulation of the test substance in organisms is not to be expected.
Adsorption
Calculated logKoc values for morpholine as well as for toluene-4 -sulphonate were determined to be < 3 [SRC KOCWIN v2.00, 2007 & 2013].
Thus, the test substance is not expected to adsorb to solid soil phase.
Henry's Law Constant
The Henry's Law Constant has been calculated with EPIWIN-software for the dissociation products [SRC HENRYWIN v3.20, 2007 & 2013]. The results for morpholine as well as for toluene-4 -sulphonate were <1.
Thus, the test substance will not evaporate into the atmosphere from the water surface.
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