Lead Carbonate Intermediate

Particle size distribution (Granulometry)

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

particle size distribution (granulometry)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Outotec Research Oy has a certified quality system ISO 9001:2000, Environmental system ISO 14001, and Occupational Health and Safety system ISO18001. Laboratory accrediatation according to ISO/IEC 17025 covers gas and emission measurements and copper and

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The granulometry of the sample was determined by sieving. Sieving is a method where material is separated to finer and rougher sections determined by sieve size. Material is fed on the sieve and then the motion energy between the sieve and the material causes finer material to go through the sieve. The motion can be done efficiently by using ultrasonic washing device. The sieve with material is drowned to washing device and then lifts slowly up. The sieve is kept in the motion so that material is rotating on the sieve. Lifting up and ultrasonic produce an absorbing effect that makes finer material go through the sieve more efficiently. After sieving finer material goes on the top of the next and finer sieve and is sieved again. This continues until the finest material is separated. Residuals separated by sieving are filtered with suction, then dried and weighed. Weighed residuals are reported and the particle size distribution is calculated. The sieves used in sieving were classified ASTM’s sieves and the grain sizes are from 0,020mm to 3,36mm. The ultrasonic washing was done with Finnsonic M40i.

GLP compliance:

no

Type of method:

sieving

Type of distribution:

volumetric distribution

No.:

#10

Size:

<= 0.02 mm

Distribution:

56.57 %

No.:

#9

Size:

0.044 mm

Distribution:

5.75 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 325

No.:

#8

Size:

0.074 mm

Distribution:

3.61 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 200

No.:

#7

Size:

0.105 mm

Distribution:

11.62 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 140

No.:

#6

Size:

0.297 mm

Distribution:

5.62 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 50

No.:

#5

Size:

0.42 mm

Distribution:

6.11 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 40

No.:

#4

Size:

0.595 mm

Distribution:

4.91 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 30

No.:

#3

Size:

0.841 mm

Distribution:

2.46 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 20

No.:

#2

Size:

1.19 mm

Distribution:

2.89 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 16

No.:

#1

Size:

2.38 mm

Distribution:

0.46 %

Remarks on result:

other: mesh size 8

Description of key information

The granulometry of the sample was determined by sieving. Sieving is a method where material is separated to finer and rougher sections determined by sieve size. Material is fed on the sieve and then the motion energy between the sieve and the material causes finer material to go through the sieve. The motion can be done efficiently by using ultrasonic washing device. The sieve with material is drowned to washing device and then lifts slowly up. The sieve is kept in the motion so that material is rotating on the sieve. Lifting up and ultrasonic produce an absorbing effect that makes finer material go through the sieve more efficiently. After sieving finer material goes on the top of the next and finer sieve and is sieved again. This continues until the finest material is separated. Residuals separated by sieving are filtered with suction, then dried and weighed. Weighed residuals are reported and the particle size distribution is calculated. The sieves used in sieving were classified ASTM’s sieves and the grain sizes are from 0,020mm to 3,36mm. The ultrasonic washing was done with Finnsonic M40i.