Renewable hydrocarbons (naphtha type fraction)

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Description of key information

The highest toxicity to aquatic invertebrate for fossil gasoline fuel (CAS 86290-81-5). The 96 h LL50 (mortality) to Daphnia mykiss: 7.6 mg/l (OECD 203; GLP)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

7.6 mg/L

Additional information

A short-term Daphnia magna toxicity test using the test substance was conducted fulfilling guideline requirements of OECD 202 and complying with GLP, but the results were lower than limit of quantification (Goodband T.J. 2012). Because other studies have shown that fossil fuels are toxic to aquatic organisms in short term, the read-across data on fossil fuels together with the study results conducted for substance was used as a weight of evidence. Because fossil diesel fuels have similar composition and physical-chemical properties compared to test substance, the read-across approach was justified. The read-across justifications are presented in the annex 1 of the CSR.

In the study of Goodband T. J. (2012), the short term (48 hour) acute toxicity of renewable hydrocarbons of wood origin to Daphnia sp was determined. Because the test substance is poorly soluble to water, test was performed in Water Accommodated Fractions (WAF's). Because no immobilization was observed in the range-finding study even with the highest WAF concentration of 1000 mg/L, only one WAF concentration (1000 mg/L) was selected for the definitive test. Results were based on nominal values, because the toxicity of the substance is based on toxicity of the test item as a whole, and because in TOC analysis test item was shown to be dissolved below the quantifiable limits. The 48 -hour EL50 value was determined as >1000 mg/L.

In a read-across study from CONCAWE (1995, study no 104542) determined acute toxicity of isomerate gasoline sample W94/810 (CAS 64741-70-4) was determined with an OECD 202 48 hour Daphnia magna test complying with GLP. The study was conducted as WAF loading rates. The 48-hour EL50 of the test substance to Daphnia was determined to be 10 mg/l.

In a read-across study from CONCAWE (1995, study no 104842) acute toxicity of blended gasoline sample W94/813 (CAS 86290-81-5) was determined with an OECD 202 48 hour Daphnia magna test complying with GLP. The study was conducted as WAF loading rates. The 48-hour EL50 of the test substance to Daphnia was determined to be 7.6 mg/l.

In a read-across study from CONCAWE (1995, study no 104942A) determined acute toxicity of blended gasoline sample W94/814 (CAS No. 86290-81-5) was determined with an OECD 202 48 hour Daphnia magna test complying with GLP. The study was conducted as WAF loading rates. The 48-hour EL50 of the test substance to Daphnia was determined to be 12 mg/l.

In conclusion, the key value for CSA was 7.6 mg/L (CONCAWE 1995, study no 104842). It was selected because it was the highest toxicity response from a study that was done according to OECD standards and complied with GLP.