Undecanal

Exposure related observations in humans: other data

Administrative data

Endpoint:

exposure-related observations in humans: other data

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

secondary literature

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2009

Report date:

2009

Materials and methods

Type of study / information:

Inddor air quality recommendations for C4- to C11 aldehydes, based on results of indoor air measurements.

Endpoint addressed:

not applicable

Principles of method if other than guideline:

None available

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

n-undecanal

IUPAC Name:

n-undecanal

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

Undecanal

EC Number:

203-972-6

EC Name:

Undecanal

Cas Number:

112-44-7

Molecular formula:

C11H22O

IUPAC Name:

undecanal

Test material form:

liquid

Method

Ethical approval:

not applicable

Details on study design:

Indoor air monitoring results were used to establish air quality recommendations

Exposure assessment:

measured

Details on exposure:

TYPE OF EXPOSURE:
Residential indoor air was monitored (children bed room; residential homes; school class rooms) following a non-ventilation period of min. 8 hours duration.

TYPE OF EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT: Area air sampling

EXPOSURE LEVELS: see table below

DESCRIPTION OF EXPOSURE GROUPS: general population

Results and discussion

Results:

In approx. 3000 indoor air measurements conducted in Germany during 2002-2006, the concentration of n-undecanal was found to be in the range of 3 µg/m³. The exposure of the general population is therefore low.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Indoor air measurement results (only undecanal shown)

 

Weekly mean concentrations in the air of children’s bedrooms (n=586); Germany 2003-2006
N	Median (mg/m³)	95^thpercentile (µg/m³)	Maximal (µg/m³)
N <LoD: 327
N >LoD: 44	<1	3	13
Indoor air monitoring following min. 8 hours of no ventilation; Germany 2002-2006 Offices (n=984); residential homes (n=738); class rooms (n=295)
Total: 329
N >LoD: 138 (42%)	<1	2	4

 

LoD= level of detection

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

In approx. 3000 indoor air measurements conducted in Germany during 2002-2006, the concentration of n-undecanal was found to be in the range of 3 µg/m³. The exposure of the general population is therefore low, and inhalation is not a relevant route of exposure.

Executive summary:

In approx. 3000 indoor air measurements conducted in Germany during 2002-2006, the concentration of n-undecanal was found to be in the range of 3 µg/m³. The exposure of the general population is therefore low. This is in line with the low vapour pressure and suggests that n-undecanal is not frequently present in indoor settings, and that quantities are minor. In summary, the exposure of the general population against n-undecanal is very low.

 

Consequently, the air quality recommendation derived from these data did not aim at preventing toxicity, but focused on pleasant odour. It was assumed that all aldehydes detected would behave like the short chain butanal, which resulted in a recommendation of 0.2 mg (sum of all aldehydes)/m³. A further factor of 2 was used to prevent from unpleasant odour, which resulted in a “health precaution value” of 0.2 mg/m³ (as the sum of all aldehydes) (UBA, 2009).