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EC number: 457-900-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 03 - 06 Aug 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP - Guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The temperature in the experiment was in a range of 20.9 – 25.7 °C and therefore higher than stated in the study plan. Because normal growth was observed, this can be stated as uncritical.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Landesamt für Umwelt, Wasserwirtschaft und Gewerbeaufsicht, Mainz, Germany
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Remarks:
- migrated information: powder
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): PM-5927
- Substance type: Whitish/Crystalline powder
- Physical state: solid
- Lot/batch No.: 14-121
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 01 June 2016
- Storage condition of test material: Room Temperature (20 ± 5 °C); Keep away from light
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- The concentration of the test item in the test vessels was measured at the start and at the end of the test.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Preparation:
A stock solution containing 100.4 mg/L test item in nutrient medium (demineralised water enriched with minerals but without algae) was prepared. The test concentrations were prepared by dilution of the stock solution in nutrient medium. For this the volumes 0.44 mL, 0.92 mL, 2.0 mL, 4.4 mL, 9.2 mL and 20 mL of the stock solution were added into a 200 mL volumetric flask and filled up with nutrient medium.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: green alga
- Strain: SAG 86.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): The culture of Desmodesmus subspicatus was obtained in February 2014 by MBM Sciencebridge GmbH (Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie of Universität Göttingen). The algae are kept as stock culture on solid agar at 2-8 °C. From the stock culture, a permanent culture was prepared. From an aliquot of the permanent culture, the pre-culture was prepared.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 20.9 – 25.7 °C
- pH:
- 7.4 - 8.0
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- control, 0.22, 0.46, 1.0, 2.2, 4.6, and 10 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass flasks, total volume 65 mL
- Initial cells density: 7546 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 432458 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: deionised water
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuous
- Light intensity and quality: 5300 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: spectrophotometer; photometric measurement of optical density at every 24 h
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: ca. 2.2
- Range finding study: yes
Test concentrations: a) 1, 10, and 100 mg/L; b) 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/L
Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: In a first pre-test at the concentrations 1 / 10 / 100 mg/L in all treatments significant inhibition of algal growth could be observed. Therefore a second pre-test using the concentrations 0.05 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L and 1 mg/L was performed. In the treatments below 1 mg/L no inhibition of algal growth was observed. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 2.02 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 1.20 - 3.40 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.16 - 0.39 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.46 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.52 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.31 - 0.87 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.16 - 0.39 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.46 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- 72h ErC50: 1.1 mg/L (95% CL: 0.95 – 1.3 mg/L)
72h EyC50: 0.39 mg/L (95% CL: 0.33 – 0.44 mg/L) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Calculation of results was performed with the help of validated software (Microsoft Excel®). The estimation of the biological data was accomplished using the software ToxRat® Professional, version 3.1.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Analytical Determination:
The determined concentrations of the cation at the start and the end of the test were in the range of 35% - 99%. The determined concentrations of the anion at the start and the end of the test were in the range of 97% - 113%. The values found in the two lowest treatments after 72 hours for the cation where significantly lower than at the beginning. Nevertheless, the determination of the biological results was based on the nominal concentrations as the values for the anion were very close to the nominal concentrations.
Table 1: Measured concentrations (cation)
Nominal Concentration test item |
Measured Concentration (t = 0 h) |
Measured Concentration (t = 72 h) |
% of Nominal Concentration (t = 0h) |
% of Nominal Concentration (t = 72h) |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
Blank control |
n.d. |
n.d. |
n.d. |
n.d. |
0.22 |
0.18 |
0.08 |
81% |
35% |
0.46 |
0.40 |
0.31 |
87% |
66% |
1.0 |
0.98 |
0.90 |
98% |
90% |
2.2 |
2.10 |
1.90 |
95% |
86% |
4.6 |
4.50 |
4.51 |
98% |
98% |
10 |
9.59 |
9.86 |
96% |
99% |
Table 2: Measured concentrations (anion)
Nominal Concentration test item |
Measured Concentration (t = 0 h) |
Measured Concentration (t = 72 h) |
% of Nominal Concentration (t = 0h) |
% of Nominal Concentration (t = 72h) |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
mg/L |
Blank control |
n.d. |
n.d. |
n.d. |
n.d. |
0.22 |
0.22 |
0.22 |
99% |
101% |
0.46 |
0.52 |
0.45 |
113% |
97% |
1.0 |
1.07 |
1.03 |
107% |
103% |
2.2 |
2.16 |
2.13 |
98% |
97% |
4.6 |
4.62 |
4.55 |
100% |
99% |
10 |
9.65 |
9.82 |
97% |
98% |
Table 3: Growth rate and yield
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
|
Growth Rate (0-72h) [day-1] |
Yield (0-72h) [Cell Concentration/mL] |
Blank control |
Mean |
1.35 |
424912 |
|
SD |
0.03 |
36099 |
0.22 |
Mean |
1.40 |
500551 |
|
SD |
0.01 |
19414 |
0.46 |
Mean |
1.11 |
205539 |
|
SD |
0.02 |
15485 |
1.0 |
Mean |
0.88 |
102051 |
|
SD |
0.09 |
31784 |
2.2 |
Mean |
0.60 |
38089 |
|
SD |
0.02 |
2713 |
4.6 |
Mean |
0.43 |
20123 |
|
SD |
0.01 |
1245 |
10 |
Mean |
0.31 |
11499 |
|
SD |
0.03 |
1647 |
SD = Standard deviation
Table 4: Inhibition values
Nominal concentration in mg/L |
% Inhibition |
|
|
Growth Rate (0-72h) |
Yield (0-72h) |
Blankcontrol |
0 |
0 |
0.22 |
-4.04 |
-17.80 |
0.46 |
17.47 |
51.63 |
1.0 |
34.51 |
75.98 |
2.2 |
55.54 |
91.04 |
4.6 |
67.90 |
95.26 |
10 |
77.18 |
97.29 |
Table 5: Cell number/mL
Nominal Concentration in mg/L |
Parameter |
Cell Number/mL |
|||
0 h |
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
||
Blank control |
Mean |
7546 |
24075 |
107081 |
432458 |
Blank control |
SD |
0 |
2783 |
18086 |
36099 |
0.22 |
Mean |
7546 |
24794 |
140499 |
508097 |
0.22 |
SD |
0 |
1078 |
3293 |
19414 |
0.46 |
Mean |
7546 |
23716 |
90911 |
213085 |
0.46 |
SD |
0 |
2156 |
3465 |
15485 |
1.0 |
Mean |
7546 |
26591 |
64680 |
109597 |
1.0 |
SD |
0 |
1245 |
3887 |
31784 |
2.2 |
Mean |
7546 |
22997 |
37371 |
45635 |
2.2 |
SD |
0 |
622 |
1245 |
2713 |
4.6 |
Mean |
7546 |
20123 |
24075 |
27669 |
4.6 |
SD |
0 |
622 |
1647 |
1245 |
10 |
Mean |
7546 |
18685 |
15811 |
19045 |
10 |
SD |
0 |
1245 |
1647 |
1647 |
Table 6: Daily growth rates of the controls
Growth rates |
days 0 – 1 |
days 1 – 2 |
days 2 – 3 |
CV of sectional daily growth rates |
days 0 – 3 |
Replicate 1 |
0.999 |
1.425 |
1.563 |
22% |
1.33 |
Replicate 2 |
1.050 |
1.361 |
1.562 |
19% |
1.32 |
Replicate 3 |
1.312 |
1.386 |
1.275 |
4% |
1.32 |
Replicate 4 |
1.145 |
1.671 |
1.261 |
20% |
1.36 |
Replicate 5 |
1.190 |
1.528 |
1.372 |
12% |
1.36 |
Replicate 6 |
1.232 |
1.540 |
1.402 |
11% |
1.39 |
Mean |
1.155 |
1.485 |
1.406 |
15% |
1.349 |
Standard deviation |
0.116 |
0.117 |
0.133 |
|
0.027 |
CV |
10% |
8% |
9% |
|
2% |
CV = Coefficient of variation
Validity:
Increase Factor:
The cell concentration in the blank control should increase by a factor of at least 16 within 72h.
Daily Growth Rates:
Mean coefficient of variation of daily growth rates in the blank controls should be 35% at the most. Coefficient of variation of average growth rate during the whole test period should be 7% at the most.
Values and assessment:
The daily growth rates of the blank controls were calculated. Means, standard deviations and coefficients of variation were determined.
Change of pH:
The pH of the blank control should not fluctuate by more than 1.5 units. The pH changed by 0.5 units in the blank control.
All validity criteria were met. The result of the test can be considered valid.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- CLP: Aquatic chronic 2, H411 (basis for classification: not rapidly biodegradable and a NOEC (growth rate) of 0.22 mg/L for algae)
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