Bis(pentane-2,4-dionato-O,O')zinc

Long-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

fish life cycle toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

materials and methods are well-described

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

lab-designed dose-response test over a long exposure period , spanning life stages from eyed eggs to fish of sexual maturity, and adult fish, respectively

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

weekly

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

tap water of low hardness

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

tests ran over 22 months total, from "eyed eggs" to fish of sexual maturity. Results after 25 days exposure of adult fish also reported in results and discussion of Sinley et al 1974.

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

22 mo

Hardness:

330 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

12.7 °C (4.0-18.0 °C)

pH:

6.8

Dissolved oxygen:

all tanks were aerated throughout experiment to mainatain adequate dissolved oxygen levels

Details on test conditions:

water in aquaria was replaced at a rate of 95% in 20 hours.

Key result

Duration:

22 mo

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

140 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

25 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

25 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: calculated from mortality of 8% at 71 µg/l versus 1% at 36 µg/l and 0% in the control group, respectively.

Details on results:

results in softwater reported only. results in hardwater are not reported because hardness too high (EU risk assesment 2008).
-for the 22months results, NOEC survival is based on i) mortality of eggs, ii) mortality of yolk-sac fry and iii) mortality of feeding fry and fish. Mortality in feeding fry and fish was 6.9% at 260 µg/l versus 1.4%-2.6% (latter value: control value) at actual concentrations up to 140 µg/l. Eggs and yolk-sac fry were less sensitive. The NOECsurvival (140 µg/l) is in accordance with the view of Sinley et al., 74.
-for the 25 days results, the reported NOEC is calculated from the observed mortality of 8% at 71 µg/l versus 1% at 36 µg/l and 0% in the control group, respectively. Although survival was reduced less than 10% at 71 µg/l, this concentration is considered to be the LOEC and 36 µg/l the NOEC, in accordance with the EU risk assessment (2008)

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Statistics: p = 0.05

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

good quality study, NOEC values used for PNEC derivation in the EU risk assessment (ECB 2008)
The NOEC based on dissolved zinc was determined to be 140 µg/L.

Executive summary:

Study on the effect of zinc on rainbow trout in hard and soft water. Tests not done according to standard protocol, but of good quality and considered useful for setting the PNEC freshwater. Study used for that purpose in the EU risk assessment process on zinc (ECB 2008). Culture medium, test water conditions well described and relevant the purpose of PNEC derrivation. NOEC values: see “results” section.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

fish life cycle toxicity

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

For long-time toxicity a dissociation of bis(pentane-2,4-dionato)zinc can be assumed.
By comparison of all ecotoxicity study resultes of bis(pentane-2,4-dionato)zinc to those of pentane-2,4-dione it can be assumed that the toxicity of the test material is determined only by the zinc moiety.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

lab-designed dose-response test over a long exposure period , spanning life stages from eyed eggs to fish of sexual maturity, and adult fish, respectively

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

weekly

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

tap water of low hardness

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

tests ran over 22 months total, from "eyed eggs" to fish of sexual maturity. Results after 25 days exposure of adult fish also reported in results and discussion of Sinley et al 1974.

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

22 mo

Hardness:

330 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

12.7 °C (4.0-18.0 °C)

pH:

6.8

Dissolved oxygen:

all tanks were aerated throughout experiment to mainatain adequate dissolved oxygen levels

Details on test conditions:

water in aquaria was replaced at a rate of 95% in 20 hours.

Key result

Duration:

22 mo

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

140 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat. (dissolved fraction)

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

22 mo

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

560 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

recalculated for bis(pentane-2,4-dionato)zinc based on the value for dissolved zinc

Basis for effect:

mortality

Details on results:

results in softwater reported only. results in hardwater are not reported because hardness too high (EU risk assesment 2008).
-for the 22months results, NOEC survival is based on i) mortality of eggs, ii) mortality of yolk-sac fry and iii) mortality of feeding fry and fish. Mortality in feeding fry and fish was 6.9% at 260 µg/l versus 1.4%-2.6% (latter value: control value) at actual concentrations up to 140 µg/l. Eggs and yolk-sac fry were less sensitive. The NOECsurvival (140 µg/l) is in accordance with the view of Sinley et al., 74.
-for the 25 days results, the reported NOEC is calculated from the observed mortality of 8% at 71 µg/l versus 1% at 36 µg/l and 0% in the control group, respectively. Although survival was reduced less than 10% at 71 µg/l, this concentration is considered to be the LOEC and 36 µg/l the NOEC, in accordance with the EU risk assessment (2008)

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Statistics: p = 0.05

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

good quality study, NOEC values used for PNEC derivation in the EU risk assessment (ECB 2008)
The NOEC based on dissolved zinc was determined to be 140 µg/L.
The NOEC recalculated for bis(pentane-2,4-dionato)zinc is 263.6 g mol-1 / 65.4 g mol-1 x 140 µg/L = 560 µg/L
Endpoint (NOEC=560ug/L) was taken forward for PNEC derivation.

Executive summary:

Study on the effect of zinc on rainbow trout in hard and soft water. Tests not done according to standard protocol, but of good quality and considered useful for setting the PNEC freshwater. Study used for that purpose in the EU risk assessment process on zinc (ECB 2008). Culture medium, test water conditions well described and relevant the purpose of PNEC derrivation. NOEC values: see “results” section.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

560 µg/L