Decan-1-ol, ethoxylated

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Justification for type of information:

Please refer to the Category Approach Justification provided in Section 13.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.53 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: Source, WoE, 68439-50-9, Sasol, 1993, DK-566

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.39 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: recalculated LC50 on the basis of the content of 73% active substance contained in the product.

Remarks:

Source, WoE, 68439-50-9, Sasol, 1993, DK-566

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.91 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 0.7 - 1.2 mg/L

Remarks:

Source, WoE, 9002-92-0, Sasol, 1997, DK-962

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 2.1 - 2.9 mg/L

Remarks:

Source, WoE, 68439-46-3, Shell, 1985, SBGR.84.284

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

22 - 24 JUN 1993

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EG-Guideline 92/69/EWG

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Trade name: Marlipal 24/20

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: waterflea
- Strain: clone 5
- Source: in-house culture
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): approx. 24 h
- Feeding during test: none


ACCLIMATION
- Type and amount of food: Scenedesmus subspicatus ad libitum
- Feeding frequency: daily

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

20 +/- 1 °C

pH:

7.4 - 7.5

Dissolved oxygen:

7.1 - 8.4 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: round bottom flasks filled with 10 mL test solution
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): no renewal - static test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 5
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 5
- Biomass loading rate: one test organism per 2 mL test solution


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: CaCl2 x 2 H2O: 294 mgL; MgSO4 x 7 H2O: 123 mg/L, NaHCO3: 63 mg/L and KCl: 5.5 mg/L
- Ca/mg ratio: 4 : 1
- Intervals of water quality measurement: test start and test end


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: darkness

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.53 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.61 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.39 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: recalculated EC50 on the basis of the content of 73% active substance contained in the product.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The reference substance was tested in a separate test (1993-04-20)
- Mortality: 0.9 mg/L - 30%; 1.9 mg/L - 100%

Nominal concentration [mg/L]	Test period (h)
	24 h	48 h
	Immobility [%]	Immobility [%]
Control	0	0
0.1	0	0
0.2	0	0
0.4	10	20
0.8	75	95
1.6	100	100

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The 48-hour acute toxicity of alcohols, C12-14, ethoxylated (2 EO) to Daphnia magna, was determined in accordance with EU Guideline 92/69/EWG. The 48-hour EC50 value was determined to be 0.53 mg/L corresponding to 0.39 mg/L active ingredient. The test is considered valid.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

07 - 09 JAN 1997

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EG-Guideline 92/69/EWG

GLP compliance:

yes

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: waterflea
- Strain: clone 5
- Source: in-house culture
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): approximately 24 h
- Method of breeding: parent animals were rared in M4-medium (according to Elendt, 1990) in 1 L beakers. Animals were fed daily with Scenedesmus subspicatus ad libitum: 24 h prior test, parent daphnids were separated. Juveniles hatching over night were used in the test.
- Feeding during test: none

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

20 +/- 1 °C

pH:

7.6 - 8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

7.3 - 8.9 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal concentrations: 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12 and 100 mg/L (waterfree substance)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: round bottom flasks
- Aeration: none
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): no renewal as static test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: one test organism per 2 mL test solution

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: CaCl2 x 2 H2O: 294 mg/L; MgSO4 x 7 H2O: 123 mg/L; NaHCO3: 65 mg/L and KCl: 6.0 mg/L
- Ca/mg ratio: 4 : 1

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: darkness

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

Potassium dichromate

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.91 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? The reference substance was tested in a separate test (1996-10-08)
- Mortality: 1.0 mg/L: 14%; 2.0 mg/L: 100%

Nominal concentration [mg/L]	Test period (h)
	24 h	48 h
	Immobility [%]	Immobility [%]
Control	0	0
0.4	0	0
0.7	0	0
1.2	90	100
2.0	50	100
3.5	80	100
6	100	100
10	100	100

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The 48-hour acute toxicity of alcohols, C12, ethoxylated (4 EO) to Daphnia magna, was determined in accordance with EU Guideline 92/69/EWG. The 48-hour EC50 value was determined to be 0.91 mg/L. The test is considered valid.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

26 Oct - 28 Oct 1984

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Basic data given (comparable to guidelines/standards)

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The acute toxicity to Daphnia magna was determined under static conditions.

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): acetone
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (final test solution): 0.1 ml/L

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Source: Laboratory culture obtained from ICI Brixham Laboratory; original source: I.R.Ch.A., France
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): < 24 h

CULTURE
- Culture conditions: glass vessels (0.5 - 4 L) containing reconstituted fresh water. New cultures are started with animals < 24 h old, at a density of about 20 per litre. Cultures are held in a temperature controlled room at 18 – 22 °C and artificial light in a 16 h light/8 h dark cycle. The water in the vessels is renewed weekly and the cultures are discarded when they are 5 weeks old or if there appear ephippia.
- Type and amount of food: Chlorella vulgaris, approx. 1E06 cells/mL in the Daphnia vessels
- Feeding frequency: daily

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

160 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

18 - 22 °C

pH:

8.2 - 8.3

Dissolved oxygen:

8.5 - 9.2 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0.5, 1.1, 2.3, 4.8, 10, 22, 47, 100 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Crystallising dishes
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, fill vol. 150 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 3

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Reconstituted fresh water containing 192 mg/L NaHCO3, 120 mg/L CaSO4*2H2O, 120 mg/L MgSO4, 8 mg/L KCl
- Aeration: Test water was aerated 24 h before use and was assumed to be saturated with dissolved oxygen
- Ca/Mg ratio: 1:1
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Monitoring of temperature in one test vessel every 4 h, pH and dissolved oxygen was measured in one control and the highest test concentration at test start and test end.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/8h dark

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): Immobilisation was recorded after 24 and 48 h

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: approx. 2.0

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL = 2.1 - 2.9 mg/L

24 h EC50 value: 4.8 mg/L, 95% CL = 4.0 - 5.8 mg/L

Table: Immobilisation of D. magna

Concentration of test substance (mg/L)	Number of D. magna	Number immobilised
		24 h	48 h
Control	10	0	0
Control	10	0	0
Control	10	0	0
0.5	10	0	0
0.5	10	0	0
0.5	10	0	0
1.1	10	0	2
1.1	10	0	0
1.1	10	0	0
2.3	10	1	3
2.3	10	2	4
2.3	10	1	5
4.8	10	4	8
4.8	10	6	10
4.8	10	6	10
10	10	9	10
10	10	8	10
10	10	8	10
22	10	10	10
22	10	10	10
22	10	10	10
47	10	10	10
47	10	10	10
47	10	10	10
100	10	10	10
100	10	10	10
100	10	10	10

Description of key information

EC50 (48h) = 0.39 mg/L for Daphnia magna

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.39 mg/L

Additional information

Since no data for decan-1-ol, ethoxylated, 1-2.5EO (CAS 26183-52-8) are available the acute toxicity on aquatic invertebrates is assessed on the basis of data from studies with three similar alcohol ethoxylates (C9-11, 2.5EO; CAS 68439-46-3, C12, 4 EO; CAS 9002-92-0 and C12-14, 2 EO; CAS 68439-50-9).

For all three analogue substances the immobilisation of the water flea Daphnia magna was investigated (Sasol 1993 & 1997 and Shell 1985). Two tests were performed according to EG-Guideline 92/69/EWG and GLP (Sasol, 1993 & 1997), whereas one study followed no defined guideline and was not performed under GLP conditions (Shell, 1985). The evaluated EC50 (48h) of the three studies are in a narrow range between 0.39 mg/L and 2.5 mg/L. The lowest value of 0.39 mg/L is used as worst case key value for the further assessment.