Phosphinic acid, P-[3-(acetyloxy)-3-cyanopropyl]-P-methyl-, butyl ester

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1993

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

version from April 1984

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Stability of the test item was not verified under test conditions

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Remarks:

Only chemical and physical parameters were monitored

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: test substance was weighed out to a precision of 0.1 mg and dissolved into test water as stock solution 1 (ssl). Defined amounts of stock solution 1 were filled into the respective tanks and stirred vigorously with a glass rod. An final volume of 200 ml was achieved.
- Controls: dissolved oxygen, pH, water temperature were controlled every 24 h,
Conductivity was measured at begin and end of the test

Test organisms (species):

Leuciscus idus melanotus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Golden orfe
- Source: fish hatchery Eggers, Hohenweststedt, Germany
- Age at study initiation: approx. 6 month
- Length at study initiation: mean of 10 fish = 5.2 cm
- Weight at study initiation: mean of 10 fish = 2.2 g

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not neccesary, holding conditions comparable to test conditions
- Acclimation conditions: similar
- Type and amount of food during acclimation: 24 h before starting the test the fish were not fed
- Health during acclimation: no mortality or adverse effect was observed over 25 d before starting test

FEEDING DURING TEST : no

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

start of the test: 210 mg/L CaCo3
end of the test: 223 mg/L CaCO3

Test temperature:

Test temperature was regulated at 22 ± 1°C

pH:

a mean pH of 7.86 (min. 7.69, max. 8.02)

Dissolved oxygen:

see table 1 for details

Conductivity:

see table 1 for details

Nominal and measured concentrations:

untreated control, 0.56, 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6, and 10 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 L stainless steel tanks, length =79 cm, width = 60 cm, height = 67 cm
- Fill volume: 200 L
- Aeration: no aeration during test, medium was saturated with oxygen before used for the test
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No replicates were used
- Biomass loading rate: 0.11 g/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: well aerated water mixture of 60% filtered tap water and 40% deionized water, filtered through sand and activated charcoal filters, aerated with compressed air to oxygen saturation and temperated
- Intervals of water quality measurement: once a month.
- water parameters: see table 2

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h daylight
- Light intensity: wide spectrum fluorescent lights

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Intoxication symptoms: slow reaction, equlibrium disturbance
- mortality
- observation interval: 24, 48, 72 and 96 h

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: control, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 100 % mortality at 10 mg/L after 24 h

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

6.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

4.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

4.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

3.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

No unforeseen circumstances were observed which may have affected the quality or integrity of this study.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

In the concentration of 5.6 mg/L nine fish had slow reactions, and one fish showed equilibrium disturbances.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The test item is acutely toxic for fish with an observed EC50 of 4.2 mg/L after 96 h for the golden orfe.

Executive summary:

An experimental study according to the OECD guideline 203 and GLP regulations was conducted to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to freshwater fish. As small deviation from the guideline the stability of the test item was not vcerified under test conditions. The species Leuciscus idus melanotus were exposed in a static set-up to the nominal concentrations of 0.56, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 test item and a control. Per test vessel 10 fish were exposed. The test vessels were observed for mortality and sublethal intoxication symptoms of the test organisms after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. First intoxication symptoms were oobserved after 24 h at a concentration of 5.6 mg/L at 10 fish. Mortality was observed for two individuums. The LC50 (96h) was 4.2 mg/l and the observed NOEC 3.2 mg/l.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1995

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OTS 797.1400 (Fish Acute Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: all, on day 0 and after 96 h
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: in amber glass bottles

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Cyprinodon variegatus

Details on test organisms:

Juvenile sheepshead minnow were utilized in this study. Mean weight and length of control fish taken at the end of the study were 0.789 grams (SD = 0.235) and 2.9 cm (SD = 0.24) respectively. Organism loading during the study was 0.789 g/L in the test tanks, and 0.0856 g/L/day based on the flow of test solution through the tanks.
Sheepshead minnow (Lot F-55) were purchased from Aquatic Bio Systems Inc., Fort Collins, Co. Upon arrival, organisms were identified taxonomically using the key of Eddy, 1978. Fish were approximately 4 months old at test initiation. Fish were acclimated to test dilution water (i.e. synthetic sea water) and test temperature (i.e. 22 ± 1 °C) for greater than 14 days prior to initiation of testing.
The acclimation period had a mean temperature of 21.6 °C (SD = 0.4 °C).
There were no mortalities during acclimation. The fish were not fed for approximately 48 hours prior to the start of the study.
Fish were maintained under the following conditions prior to acclimation:
Temperature: 19.6 °C - 23.1 °C
Light: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness, at ~ 150 foot candles
Food: Rangen Salmon Starter, ad libitum
Vessel: 200 liter, rectangular, fiberglass fish tanks
Water: Synthetic sea water in a recirculating system
The fish food has been analyzed for a broad range of contaminants.
There are no known contaminants in the food believed to be at levels that would interfere with this study.

Test type:

flow-through

Water media type:

saltwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

The mean temperature for the study was 22.2 °C (SD - 0.3 °C). The range was 21.6 - 23.4 °C.
Discrete measurements of temperature were obtained for each replicate at test initiation, at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and at test termination (i.e. 96 hours), or within one hour of the designated time.

pH:

Discrete measurements of pH were obtained for each replicate at test initiation, at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and at test termination (i.e. 96 hours), or within one hour of the designated time.

Dissolved oxygen:

Discrete measurements of dissolved oxygen were obtained for each replicate at test initiation, at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and at test termination (i.e. 96 hours), or within one hour of the designated time.
Dissolved oxygen was greater than or equal to 98% saturated at test initiation and greater than or equal to 93% saturated at test termination.

Salinity:

17-18 ‰

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/L and control
mean measured: 1.33, 2.19, 4.09, 8.57, 16.55 mg/L and control

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: duplicate test chambers, 12 L glass fish tanks
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 24.2 x 19.2 x26.4 cm, fill volume 10 L
- system: closed
- Aeration: np
- Type of flow-through: proportional diluter with solenoid valves. Materials of construction include Teflon, polyethylene,
glass, and silicone rubber sealant.
The diluter was calibrated prior to testing.
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): The diluter cycled approximately 165 cycles per day, at intervals of approximately 5 minutes between cycles. The diluter delivered approximately 555 mL of test solution per replicate tank per cycle, or approximately 0.0555 volume additions per cycle and approximately 9.2 volume additions per day.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: synthetic sea water, prepared by adding synthetic sea salts made by Lobster Life Systems, E. Rutherford, NJ to well water.
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: twice per year for contaminants, bi-weekly for nitrate, ammonia, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: yes
- Photoperiod: 16:8 light:dark
- Light intensity: 120 foot candles

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Observations for death, and for abnormal appearance and behavior, were performed at 24, 48, 72, and
96 hours (± 1 hour)

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 1 0, and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: LC50 of 8 mg/L.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

11.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 10.3 to 13.7 mg/l

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

4.09 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

13.1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 8.57to 16.55 mg/l

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

12.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 8.57 to 16.55 mg/l

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

11.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 10.3 to 13.7 mg/l

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

8.57 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

There were no mortalities or abnormal behavior or appearance in the control fish during the study.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

error estimation by calculation of standard deviation (SD)

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

On day 2 lethargic fish were observed (2) at a concentration of 20 mg/L.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The test substance is harmful to sheepshead minnow under the conditions of this study.

Executive summary:

An experimental study according to EPA OTS 797.1400 and GLP regulations was conducted to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to marine fish. Cyprinodon variegatus was exposed to the nominal test item concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/L and a control of dilution water over 96 h (concentrations were chosen based on a range finding study). The test set-up was a flow- through system with artificial saltwater. After 96 h an LC50 of 11.9 mg/L was determined based on the mean measured concentration. No mortality or other adverse effect was observed in the control vessels.

Description of key information

The test item is acutely toxic for freshwater fish and acutely harmful for marine fish based on reliable experimental data

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect concentration:

4.2 mg/L

Marine water fish

Marine water fish

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect concentration:

11.9 mg/L

Additional information

An experimental study according to the OECD guideline 203 and GLP regulations was conducted to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to freshwater fish. As small deviation from the guideline the stability of the test item was not vcerified under test conditions. The species Leuciscus idus melanotus were exposed in a static set-up to the nominal concentrations of 0.56, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100 test item and a control. Per test vessel 10 fish were exposed. The test vessels were observed for mortality and sublethal intoxication symptoms of the test organisms after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. First intoxication symptoms were oobserved after 24 h at a concentration of 5.6 mg/L at 10 fish. Mortality was observed for two individuums. The LC50 (96h) was 4.2 mg/l and the observed NOEC 3.2 mg/l. (Hoest AG, 1993)

A second study according to US-EPA -660/3-75-009, 1975 and GLP regulations with Oncorhynchus mykiss support these findings. The LC50 after 96 h was 9.4 mg/L and therefore within the same range (Hoest AG, 1996). For further assessment the most sensitive value of 4.2 mg/L was used.

To assess the acute toxicity of the test item to marine fish an experimental study according to EPA OTS 797.1400 and GLP regulations was conducted . Cyprinodon variegatus was exposed to the nominal test item concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/L and a control of dilution water over 96 h (concentrations were chosen based on a range finding study). The test set-up was a flow- through system with artificial saltwater. After 96 h an LC50 of 11.9 mg/L was determined based on the mean measured concentration. No mortality or other adverse effect was observed in the control vessels.