Ethyl acetoacetate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

1977

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Non-GLP study following a test design similar to the later published OECD-/EC-testing guidelines

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Deviations:

yes

Principles of method if other than guideline:

This Zahn-Wellens-test was conducted according to an early draft version for DIN 38 412 Part 25. This standard was published in 1984. At the time of testing, a precursor for the later drafts of the standard was used by the members of a DIN-working group for biodegradation. The method was described in Z. Wasser Abwasser Forsch. 13 (1980) No. 1, p. 1-7. Corresponding guidelines and standards, which are used today, are: OECD 302 B (OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, Paris 1992), guideline 88/302/EEC (Part C), DIN EN 29888 (1994), IS0 9888 (1991). At the time of testing the usual test concentration was 1000 mg/l and the used amount of activated sludge was between 500 and 1000 mg dry weight/I. The general origins of the sludge were aerobic wastewater treatment plants of the Hoechst AG. In the today's methods no industrial but only municipal waste water sludge is used and the concentrations of test substances and sludge are some lower. Test conditions: The determination of biodegradation was measured by COD analysis. Beyond that no further information is documented in the laboratory manuscript.See in the chapter "Method" for the usual concentrations of substances and the normally used amount of activated sludge at the time of conducting this test. Test duration was 5 days (instead of 28 days for standard OECD-test).

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

no details available

Duration of test (contact time):

5 d

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

other: COD elimination

Details on study design:

for details about test design see "Materials and methods"

Preliminary study:

no preliminary test performed

Test performance:

see above

Parameter:

other: COD elimination

Value:

90

Sampling time:

5 d

Details on results:

Using methods for testing the biodegradability by analyzing the decrease of DOC or COD it is distingushed between the total elimination and the biodegradation. The elimination after 3 hours is normally caused by adsorption effects of the substance to the sewage sludge. As basis for the calculation of the biodegradation (100-percent-value) the DOC- or COD-value after 3 h minus the corresponding means of the blanks is used.

In the case at hand only the final calculated percentages after 3 hours and 5 days are available:
- The COD elimination after 5 days achieved 90% of the COD of the added test substance.
- Likewise the calculated rate of biodegradation corresponds to the value of 90%.

Evaluation of results: Ethyl acetoacetate is inherently biodegradable

Results with reference substance:

no data

none

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

There are no more data documented in the laboratory manuscript, however the study director Dr. H. Wellens was a generally accepted specialist in thefields of eco-toxicity and biodegradation, also co-author of the later standard method

Interpretation of results:

inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

Ethyl acetoacetate showed 90% COD elimination after 5 days and is therefore inherently biodegradable.

Executive summary:

The study was performed in 1977, following an early draft version of testing method DIN 38 412 Part 25. At the time of testing, neither GLP- nor OECD-guidelines were available and in force. The test duration was 5 days. The data were from a laboratory journal from 1977. Therefore, only limited information about testing method and test results could be given. Ethyl acetoacetate showed 90% COD elimination after 5 days and is therefore inherently biodegradable.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1995

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
- Analytical purity: 99.3 %
- Purity test date: 1995-12-13
- Lot/batch No.: 5/95 September 1995
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: September 1996

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Sewage treatment plant city of Frankfurt, Sindlingen
- Amount used: 0.5 ml/l
- Pretreatment: 8 days aerated before use to remove BOD
- Water filtered: yes
- Type and size of filter used, if any: fluted filter

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

5 mg/L

Based on:

COD

Details on study design:

none

Reference substance:

benzoic acid, sodium salt

Preliminary study:

No pre-test performed

Test performance:

see above

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

66

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

none

Results with reference substance:

Results of reference substance see table below.

Biodegradation results (mean values):

Day	Reference Control (% degradation)	Test substance (% degradation)
0	2	0
7	78	65
14	69	62
21	72	70
28	76	66

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

(The BOD was found to be 62% of the theoretical maximum within 14 days and 66& within the complete test duration. The duration for adaptation up to the 10%-limit was 2 days and 5 days, until 60% was reached).

Interpretation of results:

readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The test substance was found to be ready biodegradable within 28 days in a closed bottle test.

Executive summary:

The ready biodegradability of the test item Ethyl acetoacetate was determined with a non adapted activated sludge in the Closed bottle test for a period of 28 days. The study was conducted from 23 -November 1995 to 12 -March 1996 according to OECD guideline 301 D. Ethyl acetoacetate showed a mean biodegradation rate of 66% after 28 days.

Description of key information

The test item EAA was tested in a ready biodegradability and in an inherent biodegradability study. The ready biodegradation test was performed under GLP in 1995, according to OECD-guideline no. 301D (closed bottle test). The inherent biodegradability was conducted in 1977 according to an early draft version for DIN 38 412 Part 25, before the later OECD-guideline for the Zahn-Wellens test was available. Test duration was 28 days for the ready biodegradation test and 5 days for the inherent biodgradability study. The ready biodegradability test was identified as key study with Klimisch 1, the inherent study was considered as supporting study with Klimisch 3, due to the significant deviations from the current test guideline.
- Ready biodegradability: 66% degradation after 28 days
- Inherent biodegradation: 90% degradation after 5 days
EAA was found to be readily and inherently biodegradable in both studies. Based on these test results and the log Pow of 0.8, biodegradation testing on soil and sediment was therefore not conducted.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

readily biodegradable

Additional information

Evaluation of results: Ethyl acetoacetate is readily and inherently biodegradable