2-propen-1-amine, N-2-propen-1-yl-, hydrochloride

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Initial test: 20 May – 17 June 2020
Repeat test: 16 – 23 July 2020
Second repeat test: 28 August – 25 September 2020

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

In the second repeat test the incubation temperature dropped to -9.8 °C between days 5 and 6. This was due to a malfunction in the incubator. The bottles were transferred to another incubator upon discovery of the fault. This may have interfered with the results of the test. It is the results from the second repeat test that has been reported

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

temperature dropped to -9.8 °C between days 5 and 6. The bottles were transferred to another incubator

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

66% purity
Aqueous solution

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

- Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Stromness Treatment Works, Bu Point Grid reference: HY 27332 09332 Latitude: 58.964975, Longitude: -3.2653023
- Date of collection 17 August 2020
pH 7.29
Temperature (°C) 20.1
Conductivity (μS/cm): 2.40
Dissolved oxygen (% saturation) 2.59
Inoculum filtered through 1 μm
Whatman filter prior to use in test 
Volume of inoculum added (ml/l) 1
Microbial count at collection (CFU/ml) 2.2 x 104
Microbial count on test initiation day
(CFU/ml) 1.4 x 105

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

ca. 3.402 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS
Mineral media was strongly aerated for at least 20 minutes and allowed to stand for a minimum 20 hours at test temperature. The solution of the test substance in mineral medium, usually at 2-5 mg/l of test material, was inoculated with a relatively small number of micro-organisms from Stromness Treatment Works, Bu Point and kept in completely full, closed bottles in the dark at constant temperature of 22 ± 2 °C. Degradation was followed by analysis of dissolved oxygen over a 28-d period. The amount of oxygen taken up by the microbial population during biodegradation of the test substance, corrected for uptake by the blank inoculum run in parallel, was expressed as a percentage of ThOD.

TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: BOD bottles 260 to 280 ml
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: Three replicate bottles per time-point for each sample/reference type
- Measuring equipment: Dissolved oxygen meter
- Test performed in closed vessels

CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: No
- Toxicity control: No
- Inhibition test: Mixture of sodium benzoate (2 mg/l) and test material (3.402 mg/l). To enable an assessment of potential inhibitory effects of the test material (or its primary degradation products), an inhibition control was used, in which a mixture of the soluble reference compound and the test material was tested. Inhibition is inferred if there is less than 25% biodegradation within 14 days. Only two data points are required so replicate dissolved oxygen readings out with approximately ±0.4 mg/l can be excluded in analysis of the data set while the raw replicate readings are still within 20%.

Reference substance:

benzoic acid, sodium salt

Remarks:

2 mg/l test concentration, ThOD = 1.66 mgO2/mg

Test performance:

The test was repeated twice due to high oxygen consumption in the blank. In the second repeat test the incubation temperature dropped to -9.8 °C between days 5 and 6. This was due to a malfunction in the incubator. The bottles were transferred to another incubator upon discovery of the fault. It is the results from this test that have been reported.

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

3

Sampling time:

7 d

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

2

Sampling time:

14 d

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

21 d

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

Results with reference substance:

Control test data
Material Sodium benzoate 100% BOD = 3.32 (mg/l ThOD)
Percentage biodegradation Day 7 = 70%
Day 14 = 78%
Day 21 = 75%
Day 28= 87%

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

Sodium benzoate: guideline criterion >60 % biodegradation in 14 days. Observed values 78 % Oxygen consumption of freshwater blank: guideline criterion ≤1.5 mg/l dissolved oxygen depletion in 28 days. Observed values 1.12 mg/l

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

According to the biodegradation data with nitrification taken into account 2-propen-1-amine, N-2 propen-1-yl, hydrochloride biodegraded by 0 % over 28 days. 2-propen-1-amine, N-2-propen-1-yl, hydrochloride achieved a maximum biodegradation of 3 % on day 7 of the 28 day study.

Executive summary:

A 28-day experiment was undertaken to determine the ready biodegradability potential of 2-propen-1-amine, N-2 propen-1-yl, hydrochloride in freshwater conditions according to Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) and OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test). Degradation is defined as the ratio of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) within 28 days to either the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) or the chemical oxygen demand (COD).

The test was repeated twice due to high oxygen consumption in the blank. In the second repeat test the incubation temperature dropped to -9.8 °C between days 5 and 6. This was due to a malfunction in the incubator. The bottles were transferred to another incubator upon discovery of the fault. This may have interfered with the results of the test. It is the results from the second repeat test that has been reported. 

All validity criteria in the study were satisfied. The oxygen blank biodegradation was within formal and informal limits of acceptability. The soluble reference material, sodium benzoate, degraded by more than 60 % in the first 14 days (control data attached), indicating that the seawater used in the test contained a satisfactory population of viable bacteria. The seawater data (attached) confirms the microbial count for seawater used in this test was within acceptable limits.

According to the biodegradation data with nitrification taken into account 2 propen-1-amine, N-2-propen- 1-yl, hydrochloride biodegraded by 0 % over 28 days. 2-propen-1-amine, N-2-propen-1-yl, hydrochloride achieved a maximum biodegradation of 3 % on day 7 of the 28 day study. Therefore, the substance can be regarded as being not readily biodegradable.

The OECD 301D guideline states the test material can be considered to be inhibitory to bacteria (at the concentration used) if the percentage degradation of the mixture of reference and test materials is less than 25 % within 14 days. 2 propen-1-amine, N-2-propen-1-yl, hydrochloride achieved a percentage degradation of 27 % at 14 days and therefore is not considered inhibitory.

Description of key information

A 28-day experiment was undertaken to determine the ready biodegradability potential of 2-propen-1-amine, N-2 propen-1-yl, hydrochloride in freshwater conditions according to Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) and OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test). Degradation is defined as the ratio of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) within 28 days to either the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) or the chemical oxygen demand (COD).

The test was repeated twice due to high oxygen consumption in the blank. In the second repeat test the incubation temperature dropped to -9.8 °C between days 5 and 6. This was due to a malfunction in the incubator. The bottles were transferred to another incubator upon discovery of the fault. This may have interfered with the results of the test. It is the results from the second repeat test that has been reported. 

All validity criteria in the study were satisfied. The oxygen blank biodegradation was within formal and informal limits of acceptability. The soluble reference material, sodium benzoate, degraded by more than 60 % in the first 14 days (control data attached), indicating that the seawater used in the test contained a satisfactory population of viable bacteria. The seawater data (attached) confirms the microbial count for seawater used in this test was within acceptable limits.

According to the biodegradation data with nitrification taken into account 2 propen-1-amine, N-2-propen- 1-yl, hydrochloride biodegraded by 0 % over 28 days. 2-propen-1-amine, N-2-propen-1-yl, hydrochloride achieved a maximum biodegradation of 3 % on day 7 of the 28 day study. Therefore, the substance can be regarded as being not readily biodegradable.

The OECD 301D guideline states the test material can be considered to be inhibitory to bacteria (at the concentration used) if the percentage degradation of the mixture of reference and test materials is less than 25 % within 14 days. 2 propen-1-amine, N-2-propen-1-yl, hydrochloride achieved a percentage degradation of 27 % at 14 days and therefore is not considered inhibitory.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Type of water:

freshwater

Additional information

Test material cannot be considered to be inhibitory to bacteria