Diammonium hexachloropalladate

Endpoint summary

Additional information

For metal substances, it is generally not recommended to read across between substances in different oxidation states. However, literature findings and experimental data indicate that Pd(IV) will not remain in biological and environmental systems due to its inherent instability, ease of reduction to Pd(II) and its ability to reductively form strong complexes with organic nitrogen and sulphur-containing moieties. Therefore, ecotoxicity results are read across from palladium(II) to palladium(IV) substances. For palladium substances, the available ecotoxicity data indicates that substances with a chloro ligand are more toxic than those with no chloro ligand. As this substance contains chloro ligands, ecotoxicity data are read across from diamminedichloropalladium, the most toxic palladium(II) substance with a chloro ligand.

For risk assessment purposes, many sites produce and use different palladium substances, and when monitoring site emissions only the concentration of palladium is monitored. For this reason, although a specific read across approach is followed for the environmental classification of each palladium substance, a single PNEC is derived covering all palladium substances, for each environmental compartment. This allows a site to conduct a risk assessment for total emissions of palladium, rather than attempting to link a proportion of the site emissions to each palladium substance that is used. As a single palladium PNEC is derived, the PNEC is determined based on a worst case approach, using data for the most toxic palladium substance, diamminedichloropalladium.