Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Data waiving:

other justification

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because a long-term aquatic toxicity study on invertebrates is available

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

No full documentation available

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Version / remarks:

2004

GLP compliance:

yes

Details on sampling:

The number of immobilized Daphnia was recorded at 24 and 48 h.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Control and five test concentrations. Concentration range: 50 - 191 mg/L.
Volume: 20 mL in glass beakers.

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Neonates (< 24 h old)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

20 +/- 1 °C

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Control and five test concentrations. Concentration range: 50 - 191 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

Illumination: 16 h light and 8 h dark cycle, 4000K, 600–800 lx.
Other incubation conditions: daphnids were not fed during the test.

The test was performed in glass beakers with 20 mL of the test solution. There were 5 neonates in each beaker. Control had 4 replicates and the five test concentrations 2 replicates.

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

ca. 118 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

n= 4, 95% confidence limit: lower = 76 mg/L and upper =183 mg/L.

Conclusions:

Fast pyrolysis bio-oil (BTG) showed low toxicity to Daphnia (EC50, 48 h = ca. 118 mg/L)

Executive summary:

Acute toxicity of the test material (BTG, commercial pine wood based fast pyrolysis bio-oil) to Daphnia manga was tested according to OECD guideline no. 202 (2004) and in compliance with GLP. Five test concentrations were prepared. Test vessels with the daphnids were incubated for 48h and the number of immobilized D. magna was recorded at 24 and 48h, and the EC₅₀ was calculated. According to the immobilization test, fast pyrolysis bio-oil from pine wood showed low toxicity to Daphnia, as the determined 48 h EC50 value was > 100 mg/L (EC50_daphnia = 118 mg/L).

The study is reliable with restrictions as full documentation is not available due to type of information (publication).

Description of key information

Long term toxicity of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oils (WAF) to aquatic invertebrates was studied instead of short term toxicity. In a 21-d Daphnia toxicity (reproduction) study with the test material, EC50 for mortality at 21 days was found to be > 39.7 mg/L (the highest concentration studied; loading rate 100 mg/L) (Zawadsky, 2013). EC₅₀ (48 h) was > 39.7 mg/L as well.

In a 48 h immobilization test (OECD guideline no. 202 [2004]: "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test") published in literature, pine wood based Fast Pyrolysis Bio-oil was of low toxicity to Daphnia magna (EC50 ca. 118 mg/l).

Additional information

Due to poor water solubility of the substance, the organisms were exposed to a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) of the test substance. This is a commonly accepted procedure for regulatory studies on poorly water soluble substances.