Benzyldimethyl[2-[(1-oxoallyl)oxy]ethyl]ammonium chloride

Endpoint summary

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation / corrosion

Adequacy of study:

other information

Study period:

1992

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Well documented report of a guideline study conducted to GLP.

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Elevage Cunicole de Val de Selle (80160 Prouzel, France)
- Age at study initiation: no data
- Weight at study initiation: 2.5 ± 0.1 kg
- Housing: individually housed in polystyrene cages
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 ± 3°C
- Humidity (%): 50 ± 20% relative humidity
- Air changes (per hr): The air was non-recycled and filtered by absolute filters.
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hours of light/12 hours of dark

IN-LIFE DATES: From: 16/01/1992 To: 25/01/1992

Amount / concentration applied:

500 mg

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

9 days

Number of animals:

3

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: right flank
- % coverage:
- Type of wrap if used: semi-occlusive

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE: no, since no residual was found

SCORING SYSTEM: Draize's score
Examination time points: 1h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 hours

Time point:

other: 1 hour

Score:

2

Max. score:

4

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

1

Max. score:

4

Time point:

other: 1 hour

Score:

0.7

Max. score:

4

Time point:

other: 24, 48 and 72 hours

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Very slight and well-defined erythema was observed after application of the test substance in all animals. The mean scores were 0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 for each animal. A slight oedema was noted in one animal after one hour. Cutaneous reactions had reversed after 24 hours in one animal and from day 5 in the second animal. Very slight erythema and/or dryness of the skin persisted until day 9 in the last animal.

Rabbit Number	day 1	day 2	day 3	day 4	day 5	day 6	day 7	day 8
	1 hour	24 hour	48 hour	72 hour
Erythema
01	2	0	0	0	-	-	-	-
02	2	2	2	2	1	1/S	1/S	1/S
03	2	1	1	1	0	-	-	-
Oedema
01	0	0	0	0	-	-	-	-
02	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
03	2	0	0	0	0	-	-	-

S = dryness of the skin

- = Animals without reaction at the 72 hour scoring period were no longer observed

Conclusions:

ADMAQUAT BZ 80 is not irritating to the skin of the rat.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Start of the experimental phase December 13, 2013; Termination of the in-life phase January 13, 2014

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Well documented GLP guideline study on a well characterized test material.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Manfred Bauer Kaninchen, Lohe 7/1, 74632 Neuenstein,Germany
- Age at study initiation: Approx. 5 - 6 months
- Weight at study initiation: 3.8 - 3.9 kg
- Housing: For 8 hours following test item application, the animals were kept singly in restrainers which allowed free movement of the head but prevented a complete body turn, wiping of the eyes with the paws and excluded irritation of the eye by excrements and urine.
During the acclimatisation period and after the 8-hour period in restrainers, the animals were kept singly in cages with dimensions of 380 mm x 425 mm x 600 mm (manufacturer: Dipl.Ing. W. EHRET GmbH, 16352 Schönwalde, Germany).
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): The food was available ad libitum before and after the exposure period.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Tap water was offered daily ad libitum.
- Acclimation period: At least 20 adaptation days.


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20°C ± 3°C (maximum range).
- Humidity (%): The relative humidity amounted to 30% - 70% (maximum range).
- Air changes (per hr): 15 to 20 times
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): Rooms were lit (150 lux at approx 1.5 m room height) and darkened on a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle.


IN-LIFE DATES: From: December 01, 2014 To: Termination of the in-life phase January 13, 2014

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

other: The left eye served as control.

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.1 mL of the test item were administered into one eye. The test item was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye of each animal after gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball. The lids were then gently held together for about one second in order to prevent loss of the material. The left eye, which remained untreated, served as a control.

- Concentration (if solution):

VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit):
- Concentration (if solution):
- Lot/batch no. (if required):
- Purity:

Duration of treatment / exposure:

The test was performed initially using one animal. As no corrosive or severe irritant effects were observed in this animal, 2 further animals were employed 24 hours after start of the initial test.
Sixty minutes prior to test item administration, 0.01 mg Buprenovet®/kg b.w. were administered by subcutaneous injection to all animals to provide a therapeutic level of systemic analgesia to avoid or minimize pain and distress.
Five minutes prior to the test item administration, two drops of Ophtocain®, a topical anaesthetic, was applied to each eye of all animals, to the right eye, in which the test item was to be applied, and to the left eye, which served as control.
Eight hours after administration, Buprenovet 0.01 mg/kg, s.c. and Metacam 0.5 mg/kg, s.c. were administered to provide a continued therapeutic level of systemic analgesia. No washout after 24 hours was performed.

Observation period (in vivo):

The eyes were examined ophthalmoscopically with a slit lamp prior to the administration and 1, 24, 48, 72 hours and 4 to 7 days after the administration. The eye reactions were observed and registered.

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3 male animals

Details on study design:

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Eight hours after administration, Buprenovet 0.01 mg/kg, s.c. and Metacam 0.5 mg/kg, s.c. were administered to provide a continued therapeutic level of systemic analgesia. No washout after 24 hours was performed.
- Time after start of exposure: Eight hours after administration

SCORING SYSTEM:
Reactions were scored according to the following scheme:

CORNEA
Opacity degree of density (area most dense taken for reading)
no ulceration or opacity 0
scattered or diffuse areas of opacity (other than slight dulling of normal lustre), details of iris clearly visible 1
easily discernible translucent area, details of iris slightly obscured 2
nacreous areas, no details of iris visible, size of pupil barely discernible 3
opaque cornea, iris not discernible through the opacity 4


IRIS
normal 0
markedly deepened rugae, congestion, swelling, moderate circumcorneal hyperaemia, or injection, iris reactive to light (a sluggish reaction is considered to be an effect) 1
haemorrhage, gross destruction, or no reaction to light 2


CONJUNCTIVAE
Redness (refers to palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae, excluding cornea and iris)
normal 0
some blood vessels hyperaemic (injected) 1
diffuse, crimson colour; individual vessels not easily discernible 2
diffuse beefy red 3

CHEMOSIS
Swelling: refers to lids and/or nictitating membranes
normal 0
some swelling above normal 1
obvious swelling with partial eversion of lid 2
swelling with lids about half-closed 3
swelling with lids more than half-closed 4

TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: hand-slit lamp / biomicroscope / fluorescein
One day before and 24 hours after administration, fluorescein was applied to the eyes before being examined to aid evaluation of the cornea for possible lesions. The fluorescein test was repeated on each day of observation. Fluorescein SE Thilo drops (ALCON PHARMA GmbH, 79108 Freiburg, Germany).
Fluorescein-Test:

DEGREE OF STAINING
no staining 0
scattered or diffuse colouration, details of iris clearly visible 1
easily discernible translucent area, details of iris slightly obscured 2
opalescent areas, details of iris not discernible, extent of pupil difficultly determinable 3
opaque cornea, iris not discernible through the opacity
INVOLVED AREA OF CORNEA
none 0
up to 1/4 of the surface 1
1/4 to 1/2 of the surface 2
1/2 to 3/4 of the surface 3
3/4 to whole surface. 4

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 60 minutes after instillation

Score:

2

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 24 hours to 5 days after instillation

Score:

1

Max. score:

1

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 6 days after instillation

Score:

0

Max. score:

1

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: 7 days after instillation

Score:

0

Max. score:

0

Reversibility:

other: No observed effect

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: All time points

Score:

0

Max. score:

0

Reversibility:

other: No effect observed

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

other: All time points

Score:

0

Max. score:

0

Reversibility:

other: No effect observed

Irritant / corrosive response data:

The fluorescein tests revealed corneal staining in animal no. 2 (24 hours to 4 days after instillation, up to 1/4 of the surface).
In addition, lacrimation was observed in all animals 24 and 48 hours, in animal no. 1 until 6 days and in animal no. 2 until 4 days after instillation.

Other effects:

There were no systemic intolerance reactions.

Time after Administration	C O R N E A	I R I S	C O N J U N C T I V A E		F l u o r e s c e i n T e s t
	Opacity		Redness^#	Chemosis^##	Grade	Area
	Animal no. : 1 / 2 / 3
Right eye: 0.1 mLTest item/animal
before dosing	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0
60 minutes	0/0/0	0/0/0	2/2/1	0/0/0	-/-/-	-/-/-
24 hours	0/0/0	0/0/0	1^a/2^a/1^a	0/0/0	0/1/0	0/1/0
48 hours	0/0/0	0/0/0	1^a/1^a/1^a	0/0/0	0/1/0	0/1/0
72 hours	0/0/0	0/0/0	1^a/1^a/1	0/0/0	0/1/0	0/1/0
4 days	0/0/0	0/0/0	1^a/1^a/1	0/0/0	0/1/0	0/1/0
5 days	0/0/0	0/0/0	1^a/1/1	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0
6 days	0/0/0	0/0/0	1^a/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0	0/0/0
7 days	0/-/-	0/-/-	0/-/-	0/-/-	0/-/-	0/-/-

^#             refers to palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae; excluding cornea and iris

^##            swelling: refers to lids and/or nictitating membrane

^a             lacrimation

-             no examination

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Under the study conditions, the substance was non- irritating to eyes

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

The substance was non-irritating to skin in a GLP guideline study (Manciaux, 2002).

A study dating from 1992 by Clouzeau demonstrated eye irritation. However, an in-depth review of the study report revealed several major problems with the study. Furthermore, the test susbstance was not identified and considering the test period, was most probably not a production sample. For these reasons, a new, GLP study has been conducted on a sample with exactly the same substance identity as the registration. This study demonstrated that there was a complete absence of eye irritation.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Substance was non-irritating to skin and eyes in GLP guideline studies.