Cocoa, ext.

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

December, 2012 to April, 2013

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study was conducted by a GLP accredited laboratory using OECD Testing Guideline 202.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2013

Report date:

2013

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Cocoa Powder (Low Fat)

IUPAC Name:

Cocoa Powder (Low Fat)

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Details on test material:

Test substance name: Cocoa Powder (10 – 12% lipid)
Batch number: ALF092012
Description: Brown solid
Purity: Not applicable – complex mixture
Storage: Room temperature (15 - 30°C), desiccated and protected from light

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

Due to the complex nature of the test substance, it was considered that a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) approach was the most suitable method of test media preparation. WAFs were prepared by adding a known amount of test substance to a known amount of diluent to give an initial 100 mg/l.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Juvenile Daphnia magna (Straus), less than 24 hours old, were taken from healthy parental laboratory cultures, held and maintained at the test facility. The culture was originally obtained from Smithers Viscient, Shawbury, UK.

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

Not provided for the definitive test.

Test temperature:

21.2-21.4°C at the start of the test.

pH:

7.61-7.67 at the start of the test.

Dissolved oxygen:

9.27-9.73 mg/l at the start of the test.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

A range-finding/limit test was conducted at nominal concentrations of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l loading rate WAF.

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOELR

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

After 48 hours exposure, no immobilisation was observed at the highest test concentration of 100 mg/l loading rate WAF therefore the EL50 value could not be determined.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Parameter	Nominal Loading Rate (mg/l)
	24 hour	48 hour
EL50	>100	>100
NOELR	100	100

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

The validity criteria for control immobility (≤10%) and dissolved oxygen (>60% ASV) were both satisified. The test is therefore considered valid.

Conclusions:

After 48 hours, the nominal concentration at which no significant (≤10%) dose related immobility occurred was 100 mg/l loading rate WAF. The 48-hour EL50 value was >100 mg/l loading rate WAF. The NOELR was considered to be 100 mg/l loading rate WAF. It is concluded that Cocoa Powder (10 – 12% lipid) was considered not to be toxic to Daphnia magna at 100 mg/l loading rate WAF under the conditions of this test.

Executive summary:

The potential of the test substance to be acutely toxic to aquatic invertebrates was determined in accordance with the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals 202. The species used in the test was Daphnia magna. Due to the complex nature of the test substance, it was considered that a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) approach was the most suitable method of test media preparation. A range-finding/limit test was conducted at nominal concentrations of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l loading rate WAF. A control group was also included. The test was conducted under static test conditions. After 48 hours exposure, no immobilisation was observed at the highest test concentration of 100 mg/l loading rate WAF therefore the EL₅₀ value could not be determined. After 48 hours, the nominal concentration at which no significant (≤10%) dose related immobility occurred was 100 mg/l loading rate WAF. The 48-hour EL₅₀ value was >100 mg/l loading rate WAF. The NOELR was considered to be 100 mg/l loading rate WAF. It is concluded that Cocoa Powder (10 – 12% lipid) was considered not to be toxic to Daphnia magna at 100 mg/l loading rate WAF under the conditions of this test.