N,N-dimethyl-alkyl-1-amines, reaction products with alkali hydroxide and chloroacetic acid

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Description of key information

ER50 (21 d) = 152.0 mg sol/kg dry soil (nominal, Lactuca sativa, OECD 208)

NOER (21 d) = 12.3 mg sol/kg dry soil (nominal, Cucumis sativus, Brassica rapa, OECD 208)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants:

152 mg/kg soil dw

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:

12.3 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

One GLP study (Wildlife International, 2014) is available in which the potential effects of the test substance on seedling emergence and growth was investigated according to the OECD guideline 208. Loamy sand soil was dosed with five test concentrations with nominal concentrations ranging from 12.3 - 1000 mg solids/kg dry soil. The soil was allocated into test pots into which five seeds of one species were planted. A total of six terrestrial, non-target higher plant species were tested and selected on the basis of their economic importance, cultivability and wide use in research. In a randomized complete block design seedlings were exposed for 21/28 d in controlled environmental conditions in the greenhouse of the testing facility. Seedling emergence was observed in regular intervals on Days 7, 14 and 21 and observations of height, biomass and condition were made at test termination on Day 21 for all plants except A. cepa, for which they were made on Day 28. Emergence was defined as the presence of visible plant tissue. Seedling condition was described by a qualitative (subjective) rating of signs of phytotoxicity (e.g. leaf curl, nectrosie etc.) according to a score of increasing severity from 0 to 100. At test termination the endpoints were compared to the negative control. Seedling emergence was delayed in four species by the higher test concentrations and significantly adversely affected in L. sativa. Seedling survival was significantly adverseley affected in two species and plant height as well as plant biomass (dry weight) was adversely impacted in all six species tested. Phytotoxic symptoms such as chlorosis, necrosis, leaf curl and color change were present at higher concentration treatment levels for all six species and appeared in a dose-dependent pattern. Dry weight was the most sensitive endpoint in all species. ER50 values were in the range of 152 to >1000 mg sol/kg soil dw, with lettuce being the most sensitive plant (EC50 = 152 mg sol/kg soil dw). The NOER was found to be ranging from 12.3 to 333.3 mg sol/kg soil dw, with cucumber and turnip being the most sensitive organisms (NOER = 12.3 mg sol/kg soil dw).