Iron hydroxide oxide yellow

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Guideline study

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method: other: Proposed procedure by the Federal Environmental Agency (Umweltbundesamt) for lethal effect on Zebrabaerbling, (May 1984), LC 0, LC50, LC100, 48-96h

GLP compliance:

no

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

>= 100 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Remarks:

Since the test is poorly reported the validity criteria cannot be assessed sufficiently. Nevertheless the test is considered as valid based on the data given.

Conclusions:

For iron hydroxide oxide within 96 hours no effect (LC0) on Brachydanio rerio was observed up to a concentration of 100000 mg/l.

Executive summary:

For iron hydroxide oxide within 96 hours no effect (LC0) on Brachydanio rerio was observed up to a concentration of 100000 mg/L. The method used was a proposed procedure for lethal effect on Zebrabaerbling. (Federal Environmental Agency Germany May 1984), (Bayer AG 1989).

A group of 10 fish of the recommended size were exposed to a static test conditions of nominal concentartions of 10000, 20000, 50000, and 100000 mg/L of test substance dissolved in water. Observations were made on the numbers of dead fish and the incidence of sub-lethal effects after 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure.

Description of key information

For iron hydroxide oxide in nanoform (alpha) within 96 hours no effect (LC0) on Brachydanio rerio was observed up to a concentration of >/= 100000 mg/L.

Additional information

Applying read-across to nanosizediron(hydr)oxides (see attachment "Read-across justification-environ assessment-iron oxides" and “Endpoint-specific read-across justification for nano forms of iron oxide, 2021” attached in IUCLID section 13), nanosized iron manganese trioxide is not considered acutely toxic to fish. Respective 96-h LC50 values for the toxicity of nanosized iron (hydr)oxides to Danio rerio range from > 10,000 mg/L to > 100,000 mg/L, a concentration that is 1000-fold above the corresponding OECD test limit

Acute toxicity of iron (hydr)oxide nanoforms was investigated in two reliable studies using nanosized diiron trioxide (Weyers, 1985) and iron hydroxide oxide yellow (Weyers & Caspers, 1989). Acute toxicity ofnano-alphadiiron trioxide was investigated under static conditions in accordance with the proposed procedure for lethal effect on Zebrabaerbling (Federal Environmental Agency Germany, May 1984) and an unbounded 96 h LC50 of > 10 g/L (nominal) was derived. Fornano-alphairon hydroxide oxide yellow within 96 hours no effects (LC0) on Danio rerio were observed up to a concentration of 100 g/L. The method used was a proposed procedure for lethal effect on Zebrabaerbling (Federal Environmental Agency Germany, May 1984).

Based on read-across to nanosized iron (hydr)oxides (see attachment "Read-across justification-environ assessment-iron oxides" and “Endpoint-specific read-across justification for nano forms of iron oxide, 2021” attached in IUCLID section 13), available data indicate a low potential for acute aquatic toxicity ofnanosized iron manganese trioxideto fish (see table below).Acute toxicity of nanosizediron (hydr)oxidesto fish was not observed up to 100 g/L (Weyers & Caspers, 1989), a concentration that is 1000-fold above the corresponding OECD test limit for acute toxicity.

 

Table: Acute aquatic toxicity of nanosized iron (hydr)oxides to fish

Endpoint	Test species	Test results	Test material/form	Reliability: Reference
Short-term toxicity to fish	Danio rerio	LC50 (96h): > 10 g/L nominal LC0 (96h): >= 10 g/L nominal	diiron trioxide / nano, alpha	RL2: Weyers, 1985
.	Danio rerio	LC50 (96h): > 100 g/L nominal LC0 (96h): >= 100 g/L nominal	iron hydroxide oxide yellow / nano, alpha	RL2: Weyers & Caspers, 1989

Supportive information microsized iron (hydr)oxides

Respective 96-h LC50 values for the toxicity of microsized iron (hydr)oxides to Danio rerio range from > 10,000 mg/L to > 100,000 mg/L, a concentration that is 1000-fold above the corresponding OECD test limit.