4-fluoroaniline

Toxicity to microorganisms

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to microorganisms, other

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2012

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Toxicity of three F-substituent aromatics in anaerobic systems

Author:

Zhi-Qing Zhao

Year:

2012

Bibliographic source:

Wiley Online Library

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Anaerobic biogranules were collected from an internal circulation reactor treating papermaking wastewater. The biogranules were preincubated with sucrose for 3 weeks to improve the activity. The anaerobic toxicity assay wase used to assess the effects of 4-fluoroaniline on methanogensis. It was performed in a series of 300 mL bottles. The sludge was centrifuged at 3000g for 10 min and rinsed three times with oxygen-free water. Then, sludge, 120mL basal medium containing sucrose were transferred into the bottles under anaerobic conditions. 4-Fluoroaniline were added tot the basal medium. All serum bottles were bubbled with pure nitrogen gas for about 1 min to strip air from the serum bottles, and immediately sealed with butyl rubber stoppers and crimped.The initial pH was adjusted to 7.2 ± 0.2. Each level of the test compounds was performed in triplicate. The controls were carried out in the same way without any test compound. All the assays were incubated on a platform shaker at 150 rpm and 30 ± 2 ◦C. CH4 concentration in the headspace of the serum bottles was measured once every 2 h for the first 12 h and once every 12 h thereafter. Samples of 1 mLof gaswere taken with a gas-tight micro-syringe, and immediately analyzed by gas chromatography (GC9800). Three successive feedings to the same sludge were conducted to assess the possible effectof extended exposure of the compounds to anaerobic microorganisms. At the end of the first feeding, the spent media were carefully decanted after deposition for 30 min, and the initial media including the test compounds was reestablished. The third feeding was only the basal mineral medium and sucrose to analyze the residual sludge activity after the first and second exposure.

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

4-fluoroaniline

EC Number:

206-735-5

EC Name:

4-fluoroaniline

Cas Number:

371-40-4

Molecular formula:

C6H6FN

IUPAC Name:

4-fluoroaniline

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

anaerobic sludge

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

not specified

Total exposure duration:

250 h

Test conditions

Test temperature:

30 +- 2 °C

pH:

7.2 +- 0.2

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

250 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

3 200 mg/L

Basis for effect:

inhibition of anaerobic gas production

Remarks:

Methane production

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Toxic effects of 4-fluoroaniline were observed at 3200 mg/L.