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Toxicological information

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
Remarks:
Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
not applicable
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: reliable with some restriction: method similar to OECD/EU test method, chemical: no purity reported; individual plate counts not known; no statistics
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to other study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Salmonella Mutagenicity tests: II. Results from testing of 270 chemicals
Author:
Mortelmans K, Haworth S, Lawlor T, Speck W, Tainer B and Zeiger E
Year:
1986
Bibliographic source:
Environmental Mutagenesis 8:1-119

Materials and methods

Test guidelineopen allclose all
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of assay:
bacterial gene mutation assay

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Cadmium oxide
EC Number:
215-146-2
EC Name:
Cadmium oxide
Cas Number:
1306-19-0
Molecular formula:
CdO
IUPAC Name:
oxocadmium
Details on test material:
name of test substance: cadmium oxide

Method

Target gene:
not applicable
Species / strain
Species / strain / cell type:
S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
not applicable
Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
not specified
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Metabolic activation system:
Aroclor 1254-induced rat and hamster metabolic activation system
Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
0, 3.3, 10.0, 33.0, 100.0, 333.0, 1000.0, 3333.0 µg/plate
3 plates per dose level
Vehicle / solvent:
Dimethylsulfoxide
Controls
Untreated negative controls:
yes
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
yes
True negative controls:
no
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
no
Remarks:
none
Details on test system and experimental conditions:
plate method of Ames (plate incorporation)
endpoint: gene mutation
Evaluation criteria:
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA: a reproducible and dose-related increase in the number of revertants over background even if the increase was less than twofold is considered to be a positive result. When the chemical elicited no increase in the number of revertants: non-mutagenic response. When there as an absence of a clear-cut dose-related increase in revertants; when the dose-related increase were not reproducible or when the response was of insufficient magnitude to support a determination of mutagenicity, the response was considered questionable.
Statistics:
no statistics reported

Results and discussion

Test results
Species / strain:
S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
Metabolic activation:
with and without
Genotoxicity:
negative
Remarks:
in vitro gene mutation
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
no cytotoxicity nor precipitates, but tested up to recommended limit concentrations
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Untreated negative controls validity:
valid
Positive controls validity:
valid
Additional information on results:
none
Remarks on result:
other: all strains/cell types tested
Remarks:
Migrated from field 'Test system'.

Any other information on results incl. tables

none

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative

This study reported that CdO, dissolved in DMSO is not mutagenic in the used test system (Salmonella typhimurium) with or without metabolic activation.
Executive summary:

Mortelmans et al. (1986) reported that cadmium oxide was negative in Salmonella typhimurium with and without metabolic activation tested from 3.3-3333 μg CdO/plate.