Iron digluconate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: ISO 14669:199 (E) and STL Runcorn SOP III.14

Principles of method if other than guideline:

ISO 14669: 1999(E) Water Quality - Determination of Acute Lethal Toxicity to Marine Copepods (Copepoda, Crustacea).

GLP compliance:

yes

Details on sampling:

Four replicates of 5 ml of reference material and each test concentration, together with six replicates of the control media were prepared. Five animals were added to each test vessel and exposures conducted under static conditions for 48 hours at a nominal temperature of 20 ± 2°C.

Test vessels: Multi-well polystyrene plates with 5 ml capacity wells.

Details on test solutions:

The controls (seawater only) were prepared as a bulk volume of 50 ml, from which 5 ml volumes were removed and added to appropriately labelled vessels. The reference material (3,5-dichlorophenol at a concentration of 1.0 mg 1-1) was also prepared in filtered seawater and added to appropriately labelled vessels.

The sample was described as soluble and dispersed well in the dilution media.

Dilution media: Filtered seawater

15 litres of filtered seawater removed from the hatchery were provided by Guernsey Sea Farms on 12.09.00. The temperature on arrival was 20.0°C, pH 8.03, salinity 35.1 g/L and the dissolved oxygen level 97 .2%. Prior to use, the seawater was stored at 15 ± 2°C.

Test organisms (species):

other aquatic arthropod: Acartia tonsa

Details on test organisms:

Test animals were maintained as detailed in STL Run com SOP I. 7 and assigned a batch number of AT00012.

At the start of the test the animals were 17-19 days old.

Supplied by Guernsey Sea Farms, Guernsey

Test type:

static

Water media type:

saltwater

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

Exposures were conducted between the 13 September and 15 September 2000.

Post exposure observation period:

Animals were observed after 24 and 48 hours exposure and immobilisation.

Endpoint: Cessation of movement, i.e. immobilisation

Test temperature:

Temperature ranged from 21.0 to 21.8 °C

pH:

pH ranged from 6.3 to 8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

Dissolved oxygen ranged frp, 87.6% to 96.2%

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Concentrations of 56.2, 100.0, 177.8, 316.2, 562.3, and 1000.0 mg/L iron gluconate were prepared from a 1.0 g/L stock solution in dilution media.

Details on test conditions:

Photoperiod: Laboratory lighting emitting approximately 1300 lux for 16 hour light, 8 hour dark cycle.

Dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature values were determined in test media at the beginning and end of the study.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

3,5-dichlorophenol

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

296.2 mg/L

Basis for effect:

other: Immobilisation

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

649.2 mg/L

Basis for effect:

other: Immobilisation

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

< 56.2 mg/L

Basis for effect:

other: Immobilisation

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

56.2 mg/L

Basis for effect:

other: Immobilisation

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/L

Basis for effect:

mortality

Details on results:

After 48 hours exposure to SOURSCAV, the ECso was determined to be 296.2 mg/L. The 24 hour EC50 was determined to be 649.2 mg/L. The highest concentration of test material producing No Observable Effect (NOEC), was <56.2 mg/L in this study. The Lowest Observed Effect concentration (LOEC), was determined to be 56.2 mg/L. A concentration of 1000.0 mg/L produced 100% mortality in this study.

The effective concentration of iron gluconate which immobilised 50% of the Acartia tonsa (48 hr EC₅₀) was determined to be 296.2 mg/L. The 24 hour EC₅₀ was determined to be 649.2 mg/L.

A concentration of 1000.0 mg/L produced 100% mortality in this study. There was evidence of a slight dose response throughout this study.

The reference material, (DCP), should have mortality values of between 20-80% after 48 hours exposure according to the SOP and guideline. In this study the mortality was 90%. It is the Study Directors decision that the test result can still stand because control mortality was acceptable, the reference material did not cause 100.0% mortality, and the EC₅₀ value for the test material was able to be calculated.

Conclusions:

Iron Gluconate in a study with Acartia tonsa has a 48 hr EC50 of 296.2 mg/L.

Iron Gluconate is classified as non-hazardous for this end point

Executive summary:

In study STL001008 a sample of Iron Gluconate was assessed for potential toxicity to the marine copepod Acartia tonsa in a static test over 48 hours according to the draft method ISO 14669: 1999(E) and as detailed in STL Runcorn SOP III.14. Test concentrations of the substance were prepared over the range 56.2 mg/L to 1000.0 mg/L. A number of Acartia tonsa were exposed to the test concentrations in order to determine the concentration which immobilised 50% of the copepods over 48 hours (EC₅₀). From this study the 24 and 48 hour EC₅₀ values were determined to be 649.2 and 296.2 mg/L respectively.

Iron Gluconate is classified as non-hazardous for this end point

Description of key information

A sample of Iron Gluconate was assessed for potential toxicity to the marine copepod Acartia tonsa in a static test over 48 hours according to the draft method ISO 14669: 1999(E) and as detailed in STL Runcorn SOP III.14. Test concentrations of the substance were prepared over the range 56.2 mg/L to 1000.0 mg/L. A number of Acartia tonsa were exposed to the test concentrations in order to determine the concentration which immobilised 50% of the copepods over 48 hours (EC50). From this study the 24 and 48 hour EC50 values were determined to be 649.2 and 296.2 mg/L respectively.
Iron Gluconate is classified as non-hazardous for this end point

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Marine water invertebrates

Marine water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

296.2 mg/L