Quaternary ammonium compounds, bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl, acetates

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Remarks:

Results published in a scientific review and peer-reviewed in the European RAR.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1987

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Quaternary ammonium compounds, di-C16-18-alkyldimethyl, chlorides

EC Number:

295-835-2

EC Name:

Quaternary ammonium compounds, di-C16-18-alkyldimethyl, chlorides

Cas Number:

92129-33-4

Molecular formula:

R2N+(CH3)2, Cl- with R is fatty alkyl with chainlengths C16-C18 (even numbered)

IUPAC Name:

N-C16-C18(even numbered)-alkyl-N,N-dimethyl-C16-C18(even numbered)-alkyl-1-aminium chloride

Details on test material:

75% active ingredient

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test substrate

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

Potting compost with about 80% sand/gravel and 20% silt/clay including 4% organic matter was used as substrate.

Test organisms

1

Species:

Phaseolus aureus

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

2

Species:

Helianthus annuus

Plant group:

Dicotyledonae (dicots)

3

Species:

Sorghum bicolor

Plant group:

Monocotyledonae (monocots)

Study design

Test type:

seedling emergence toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

artificial soil

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Species:

Sorghum bicolor

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2 350 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: fresh weight of seedlings

Effect concentrations 2

Species:

Helianthus annuus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2 930 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: fresh weight of seedlings

Effect concentrations 3

Species:

Phaseolus aureus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

10 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: fresh weight of seedlings

Effect concentrations 4

Species:

Sorghum bicolor

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth

Effect concentrations 5

Species:

Helianthus annuus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth

Effect concentrations 6

Species:

Phaseolus aureus

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 10 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

growth

Effect concentrations 7

Species:

other: Sorghum bicolor, Helianthus annuus and Phaseolus aureus

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 10 000 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

seedling emergence

Details on results:

The highest test material concentrations which caused no growth reduction at the 95% significance level were = 1,000 mg/kg for sorghum and sunflower and = 10,000 mg/kg for mung bean.
The 7-day EC50 for seed emergence (the concentration at which seedling emergence was 50% of that recorded in the control by the seventh day after sowing) was greater than the highest concentration tested (10,000 mg/kg) for all tested species.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

The highest test concentration of 10 g active ingredient of DHTDMAC per kg dry soil had no significant effect on the emergence of seeds after 7 days. After further 21 days the EC50 for fresh weight reduction of the seedlings was 2530 mg/kg for Sorghum bicolor and 2930 mg/kg for Helianthus annuus (active ingredient in dry soil). 1000 mg/kg was the highest test concentration with no growth effect. For Phaseolus aureus the 28 d EC50 was > 10 g/kg.

Executive summary:

The influene of DHTDMAC (76.1% active ingredient = quartenary ammonium) on the emergence of plant seedlings and the early growth stages of Sorghum bicolor, Helianthus annuus and Phaseolus aureus has been invetsigated (Windeatt, 1987). Potting compost with about 80% sand/gravel and 20% silt/clay including 4% organic matter was used as substrate.

The highest test concentration of 10 g active ingredient of DHTDMAC per kg dry soil had no significant effect on the emergence of seeds after 7 days. After further 21 days the EC50 for fresh weight reduction of the seedlings was 2530 mg/kg for Sorghum bicolor and 2930 mg/kg for Helianthus annuus (active ingredient in dry soil). 1000 mg/kg was the highest test concentration with no growth effect. For Phaseolus aureus the 28 d EC50 was > 10 g/kg.