Nickel(2+) diammonium 2,2',2'',2'''-(ethane-1,2-dinitrilo)tetraacetate

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

The study is very well documented by the publication providing details on the test conditions. In general the study follows principles of guidelines and meets generally accepted principles.

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is very well documented by the publication providing details on the test conditions. In general the study follows principles of guidelines and meets generally accepted principles.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

GLP compliance is not specified. Nevertheless, the study is well reported and thus considered as reliable.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Metal analysis on water samples were performed and after each renewal of the solution.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

prepared from tsock solutions (100 mg(L) of nickel sulfate in deionized water

Test organisms (species):

other aquatic crustacea: Stenocypris major

Details on test organisms:

The test animals were obtained from filter system of fish pond in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

15.63 +- 2.74 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

28 - 30 °C

pH:

6.51 +- 0.01
measured every two days

Dissolved oxygen:

6.25 +- 0.06 mg/L
measured every two days

Conductivity:

244.3 +- 0.6 µS/cm
measured every two days

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal concentrations: 1800, 3200, 5600, 8700, 10000 µg/L

Details on test conditions:

photoperiod: light/dark 12 h/ 12 h
fluorescent lights 334 - 376 lux
Mortality was recorded every 3 - 4 hours (day 1 and 2) and every 12 - 24 hours (rest of the test period), respectively.
20 animals per treatment/concentration were used

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

57 281 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

39 178 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

35 134 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

19 744 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Median lethal times (LT50) for S. major exposed to different concentrations of Ni.

Measured Ni concentration (µg/L)	LT50 (h)	95% Confidence limits
19045	105.13	71.40 - 154.79
29115	80.76	58.88 - 110.77
52045	48.61	32.46 - 72.78
66665	17.59	11.88 - 26.05
90290	13.17	10.31 - 16.82

a

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LC50, 96 h for Nickel(II) ions for Stenocypris major can be stated as 19744 µg/L based on the test results.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

Edetic acid is known to be non-ecotoxic towards aquatic invertebrates as proved by a study. Ammonium salts are widely used as fertilizers and are widely available in nature and thus known to be non-ecotoxic. Thus, the toxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate towards aquatic invertebrates is caused by the nickel moiety only. As a worst-case approach it is assumed that the metal is fully released from the complex within short time. As proved by the evaluation of biodegradation of the substance the metal is released over a longer period. Because metal ions bound in complexes are known to be less ecotoxic than the free ions, it can be concluded that the ecotoxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate might be overestimated but not underestimated by this approach.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is very well documented by the publication providing details on the test conditions. In general the study follows principles of guidelines and meets generally accepted principles.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

GLP compliance is not specified. Nevertheless, the study is well reported and thus considered as reliable.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Metal analysis on water samples were performed and after each renewal of the solution.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

prepared from tsock solutions (100 mg(L) of nickel sulfate in deionized water

Test organisms (species):

other aquatic crustacea: Stenocypris major

Details on test organisms:

The test animals were obtained from filter system of fish pond in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

15.63 +- 2.74 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

28 - 30 °C

pH:

6.51 +- 0.01
measured every two days

Dissolved oxygen:

6.25 +- 0.06 mg/L
measured every two days

Conductivity:

244.3 +- 0.6 µS/cm
measured every two days

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal concentrations: 1800, 3200, 5600, 8700, 10000 µg/L

Details on test conditions:

photoperiod: light/dark 12 h/ 12 h
fluorescent lights 334 - 376 lux
Mortality was recorded every 3 - 4 hours (day 1 and 2) and every 12 - 24 hours (rest of the test period), respectively.
20 animals per treatment/concentration were used

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

57 281 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

39 178 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

35 134 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

19 744 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Median lethal times (LT50) for S. major exposed to different concentrations of Ni.

Measured Ni concentration (µg/L)	LT50 (h)	95% Confidence limits
19045	105.13	71.40 - 154.79
29115	80.76	58.88 - 110.77
52045	48.61	32.46 - 72.78
66665	17.59	11.88 - 26.05
90290	13.17	10.31 - 16.82

a

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LC50, 96 h for Nickel(II) ions for Stenocypris major can be stated as 19744 µg/L based on the test results.

Based on molecular weight correction:
LC50, corrected = 383.0 g/mol / 58.7 g/mol x 19.744 mg/L = 128.8 mg/L
The LC50, 96 h for EDTA-Ni(NH4)2 can be stated as 132.2 mg/L based on the test results.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

The study is very well documented by the publication providing details on the test conditions. In general the study follows principles of guidelines and meets generally accepted principles.

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is very well documented by the publication providing details on the test conditions. In general the study follows principles of guidelines and meets generally accepted principles.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

v

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Commercially available mineral water was used for the tests.

Test organisms (species):

Gammarus pulex

Details on test organisms:

collected from unpolluted stream (Ruisseau de la Fontaine des Ermites, France, N47o24'43", E006°03'32")

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

15 °C

pH:

7.8 - 8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

82 - 96 %

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal concentrations: 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200 and 500 mg/L nickel

Details on test conditions:

- Test vessel: 100 mL plastic container
- Organisms not fed during experiments
- For each concentration, 6 replicates were used

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

251 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 183.0 - 317.0 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

114.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 90.5 - 131.1 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

466.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 416.0 - 524.8 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

50.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 37.5 - 57.8 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

161.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 145.8 - 172.2 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

44.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 36.6 - 52.3 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

79.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 72.3 - 83.4 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LC50, 48 h can be stated to be 466.3 mg/L referred to nickel.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

Edetic acid is known to be non-ecotoxic towards aquatic invertebrates as proved by a study. Ammonium salts are widely used as fertilizers and are widely available in nature and thus known to be non-ecotoxic. Thus, the toxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate towards aquatic invertebrates is caused by the nickel moiety only. As a worst-case approach it is assumed that the metal is fully released from the complex within short time. As proved by the evaluation of biodegradation of the substance the metal is released over a longer period. Because metal ions bound in complexes are known to be less ecotoxic than the free ions, it can be concluded that the ecotoxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate might be overestimated but not underestimated by this approach.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is very well documented by the publication providing details on the test conditions. In general the study follows principles of guidelines and meets generally accepted principles.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Remarks:

GLP compliance is not specified. Nevertheless, the study is well reported and thus considered as reliable.

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Commercially available mineral water was used for the tests.

Test organisms (species):

Gammarus pulex

Details on test organisms:

collected from unpolluted stream (Ruisseau de la Fontaine des Ermites, France, N47o24'43", E006°03'32")

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Test temperature:

15 °C

pH:

7.8 - 8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

82 - 96 %

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal concentrations: 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200 and 500 mg/L nickel

Details on test conditions:

- Test vessel: 100 mL plastic container
- Organisms not fed during experiments
- For each concentration, 6 replicates were used

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

251 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 183.0 - 317.0 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 500 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

114.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 90.5 - 131.1 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

466.3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 416.0 - 524.8 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

50.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 37.5 - 57.8 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

161.7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 145.8 - 172.2 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC10

Effect conc.:

44.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 36.6 - 52.3 mg/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

79.2 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Confidence intervals, 95%: 72.3 - 83.4 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LC50, 48 h can be stated to be 466.3 mg/L referred to nickel. This value is far above the limit of 1 mg/L for the classification according to CLP regulation.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

The study is well-documented by the publication and thus acceptable for assessment.

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is well-documented by the publication and thus acceptable for assessment.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: tests on 4 different species were conducted: Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephales promelas, Hyalella azteca, Lumbriculus variegatus

Details on test organisms:

cultured at US EPA Duluth, Minnesota
Age at study initiation: ≤ 48 hrs
Feeding during test: 100 µL yeast-Cerophyl-fermented trout chow

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

280-300 mg CaCO3/l

Test temperature:

25 °C

pH:

three pH ranges: (initial/final): 6-6.5 (actual = 6.0/6.51), 7-7.5, (actual = 7.0/7.28), and 8-8.5 (actual = 8.5/8.73).

Details on test conditions:

30 mL vessels, 5 organisms per vessel
replicates: duplicate or triplicate

Source/preparation of dilution water: very hard reconstituted water
Alkalinity: test/dilution water=225-245 mg CaCO3

Test solutions and blank (negative control) were pH adjusted
light/dark: 16 h/ 8 h

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

> 200 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Ceriodaphnia dubia

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

140 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Ceriodaphnia dubia

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 100-190 µg Ni/L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

13 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Ceriodaphnia dubia

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 11-16 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

> 4 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Pimephales promelas

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

3 400 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Pimephales promelas

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1900-4000 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

3 100 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Pimephales promelas

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

2 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Hyalella azteca

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1200-3100 µg Ni/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

1 900 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Hyalella azteca

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1500-2500 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

890 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Hyalella azteca

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 470-1700 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

100 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Lumbriculus variegatus

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 96000-110000 µg Ni/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

75 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Lumbriculus variegatus

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 68000-83000 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

26 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Lumbriculus variegatus

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 23000-29000 µg Ni/L

Reported statistics and error estimates:

LC50 values and 95% confidence limits were determined by the trimmed Spearman-Karber method.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The toxicity of nickel ions to 4 species was found to be pH dependent. The LC50 in neutral water (pH 7-7.5) is considered to be the most relevant value.
The LC50 values for Ni2+ ions can be stated to be the following:
Ceriodaphnia dubia: 140 µg/L
Pimephales promelas: 1900 µg/L
Hyalella azteca: 3400 µg/L
Lumbriculus variegatus: 75000 µg/L
The LC50 for Ni2+ can be expressed as 0.14 - 75 mg/L.

Reference 6

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

Edetic acid is known to be non-ecotoxic towards aquatic invertebrates as proved by a study. Ammonium salts are widely used as fertilizers and are widely available in nature and thus known to be non-ecotoxic. Thus, the toxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate towards aquatic invertebrates is caused by the nickel moiety only. As a worst-case approach it is assumed that the metal is fully released from the complex within short time. As proved by the evaluation of biodegradation of the substance the metal is released over a longer period. Because metal ions bound in complexes are known to be less ecotoxic than the free ions, it can be concluded that the ecotoxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate might be overestimated but not underestimated by this approach.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Qualifier:

no guideline available

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is well-documented by the publication and thus acceptable for assessment.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

other: tests on 4 different species were conducted: Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephales promelas, Hyalella azteca, Lumbriculus variegatus

Details on test organisms:

cultured at US EPA Duluth, Minnesota
Age at study initiation: ≤ 48 hrs
Feeding during test: 100 µL yeast-Cerophyl-fermented trout chow

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Hardness:

280-300 mg CaCO3/l

Test temperature:

25 °C

pH:

three pH ranges: (initial/final): 6-6.5 (actual = 6.0/6.51), 7-7.5, (actual = 7.0/7.28), and 8-8.5 (actual = 8.5/8.73).

Details on test conditions:

30 mL vessels, 5 organisms per vessel
replicates: duplicate or triplicate

Source/preparation of dilution water: very hard reconstituted water
Alkalinity: test/dilution water=225-245 mg CaCO3

Test solutions and blank (negative control) were pH adjusted
light/dark: 16 h/ 8 h

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

> 200 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Ceriodaphnia dubia

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

140 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Ceriodaphnia dubia

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 100-190 µg Ni/L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

13 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Ceriodaphnia dubia

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 11-16 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

> 4 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Pimephales promelas

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

3 400 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Pimephales promelas

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1900-4000 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

3 100 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Pimephales promelas

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

2 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Hyalella azteca

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1200-3100 µg Ni/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

1 900 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Hyalella azteca

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 1500-2500 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

890 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Hyalella azteca

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 470-1700 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 6-6.5

Effect conc.:

100 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Lumbriculus variegatus

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 96000-110000 µg Ni/L

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 7-7.5

Effect conc.:

75 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Lumbriculus variegatus

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 68000-83000 µg Ni/L

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Remarks:

pH 8-8.5

Effect conc.:

26 000 µg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

species: Lumbriculus variegatus

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CI: 23000-29000 µg Ni/L

Reported statistics and error estimates:

LC50 values and 95% confidence limits were determined by the trimmed Spearman-Karber method.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The toxicity of nickel ions to 4 species was found to be pH dependent. The LC50 in neutral water (pH 7-7.5) is considered to be the most relevant value.
The LC50 values for Ni2+ ions can be stated to be the following. The values after the molecular weight correction LC50, corrected = 392.9 g/mol / 58.7 g/mol x LC50 are also calculated (LC50, corrected)
Ceriodaphnia dubia: 140 µg/L (0.94 mg/L; 95% CI: 0.67-1.27 mg/L)
Pimephales promelas: 1900 µg/L (12.7 mg/L)
Hyalella azteca: 3400 µg/L (22.8 mg/L)
Lumbriculus variegatus: 75000 µg/L (502 mg/L)
The LC50 for Ni2+ can be expressed as 0.14 - 75 mg/L.
The LC50 for EDTA-Ni(NH4)2 can be expressed as 0.91 - 489 mg/L. Due to the confidence intervals and the large range of values the lowest LC50 limit can be expressed as around 1 mg/L.
Based on the results the LC50 for EDTA-Ni(NH4)2 can be stated to be > 1 mg/L in neutral water.

Reference 7

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Test temperature:

23 - 27 °C

Details on test conditions:

For each test concentration, three replicates with five daphnids in each were studied. Test vials were kept in the daylight.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

610 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

Confidence interval, 95%: 570 - 640 mg/l

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The LC50, 24 h of edetic acid was found to be 610 mg/l.

Reference 8

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study without detailed documentation

Justification for type of information:

This study is provided to proof edetic acid to be non-ecotoxic towards aquatic invertebrates.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Test temperature:

23 - 27 °C

Details on test conditions:

For each test concentration, three replicates with five daphnids in each were studied. Test vials were kept in the daylight.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

610 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

Confidence interval, 95%: 570 - 640 mg/l

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The LC50, 24 h of edetic acid was found to be 610 mg/l.
It can be stated that the LC50 value for edetic acid is much higher than for nickel salts. Thus the aquatic toxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is determined by the nickel moiety of the substance.

Reference 9

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

The study is well-documented by the publication and thus acceptable for assessment.

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is well-documented by the publication and thus acceptable for assessment.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Daphnia magna were obtained from wild population. 30 animals were isolated for breeding. 10 clones with the highest number of individuals were chosen. The clone with the highest number of offspring was used to establish a continuous daphnia breed under standardized laboratory conditions.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Hardness:

16 °

Test temperature:

20 - 22 °C

pH:

7.6 - 7.7

Details on test conditions:

day/light: 12 h/ 12 h
feed: daily
change of water twice a week
threee replicate tests with 10 daphnia each

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

640 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

790 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

1 250 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LC50, 24 h of edetic acid was found to be 790 mg/l.

Reference 10

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

This study is provided to proof edetic acid to be non-ecotoxic towards aquatic invertebrates.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The study is well-documented by the publication and thus acceptable for assessment.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

Daphnia magna were obtained from wild population. 30 animals were isolated for breeding. 10 clones with the highest number of individuals were chosen. The clone with the highest number of offspring was used to establish a continuous daphnia breed under standardized laboratory conditions.

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Hardness:

16 °

Test temperature:

20 - 22 °C

pH:

7.6 - 7.7

Details on test conditions:

day/light: 12 h/ 12 h
feed: daily
change of water twice a week
threee replicate tests with 10 daphnia each

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

640 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

790 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

LC100

Effect conc.:

1 250 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The LC50, 24 h of edetic acid was found to be 790 mg/l.
It can be stated that the LC50 value for edetic acid is much higher than for nickel salts. Thus the aquatic toxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is determined by the nickel moiety of the substance.

Description of key information

It can be stated that the LC50 value for edetic acid is much higher than for nickel salts. Thus the aquatic toxicity of nickel diammonium ethylenediaminetetraacetate is determined by the nickel moiety of the substance as ammonium cations are known to be non ecotoxic.

Several studies on different species were evaluated. The LC50 values for invertebrates vary widely between the species and also depend on further conditions, e.g. small changes in pH value.

The values determined by the studies range from around 1 mg/L up to 500 mg/L. Thus a LC50 value for invertebrates of 1.0 mg/L can be stated referring to the lower limit of the range.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

1 mg/L