Erbium tetraoxide vanadium

Endpoint summary

Additional information

The available reliable ecotoxicity results selected for the effect of vanadium on aquatic organisms are all based on pentavalent V substances (NaVO₃, NH₄VO₃, Na₃VO₄, V₂O₅ and ammonium polyvandate). All data were reported based on dissolved elemental V concentrations. The data available do not allow conclusions on the effect of water properties (pH, hardness, etc.) or V substance on toxicity of vanadium to aquatic organisms. Therefore, all reliable toxicity data for all V substances, expressed on a dissolved vanadium basis, were grouped.

The table below presents an overview of the lowest reliable toxicity data selected for hazard assessment of vanadium.

Trophic level	Substance	Species	Parameter	Endpoint	Value(µg V/L)	Reference
Acute toxicity, freshwater
Fish	V2O5	Leuciscus idus	mortality	96-h LC50	693	Mitterer, 1999
Invertebrates	V2O5	Daphnia magna	mortality	48-h LC50	1520	Kimball, 1978
Algae	V2O5	Scenedesmus subspicatus	growth rate	72-h EC50	2907	Mitterer, 1999
Acute toxicity, marine water
Fish	NH4VO3	Limanda limanda	mortality	96 -h LC50	27800	Taylor et al., 1985
Invertebrates	NaVO3	Americamysis bahia	mortality	48-h LC50	13300	Woods et al., 2004
Chronic toxicity, freshwater
Fish	V2O5	Jordanella floridae	growth	30d-EC10	76	Holdway and Sprague, 1979
Invertebrates	NaVO3	Daphnia magna	ephippia production	98d-NOEC	560	Van der Hoeven, 1990
Algae	V2O5	Scenedesmus subspicatus	growth rate	72 -h EC10	716	Mitterer, 1999
Chronic toxicity, marine water
Mollusc	V2O5	Crassostrea gigas	development of eggs	48h NOEC	25	Fichet and Miramand, 1998
Echinoderm	V2O5	Paracentrotus lividus	development of eggs	48h NOEC	50	Fichet and Miramand, 1998

Reliable short-term toxicity data for freshwater organisms are available for three trophic levels: aquatic invertebrates, fish and algae. The lowest acute effect value was a 96 -h LC50 of 693 µg V/L observed for the effect of V₂O₅ flakes on mortality of the fish Leuciscus idus. Acute toxicity data are also available for marine fish and invertebrates, with the lowest acute effect 48-h LC50 value of 13300 µg V/L for the mysid shrimp Americamysis bahia. Reliable long-term toxicity data are available for 6 freshwater organisms covering the three trophic levels. The lowest chronic NOEC or EC10, 76 µg V/L, was observed for the effect of V₂O₅ in a 30-day growth test with second generation flagfish larvae (Jordanella floridae) originating from exposed fish. Reliable long-term toxicity data are also available for the effect of V₂O₅ on the development of eggs from two marine organisms (mollusc Crassostrea gigas and echinoderm Paracentrotus lividus). The NOEC values varied between 25 and 50 µg V/L with the lowest value observed for a 48-h development test of Crassostrea gigas eggs.

There are insufficient data for calculation of a PNECwater with the statistical extrapolation approach (species sensitivity distribution, SSD). For the implementation of the SSD-methodology, the effects dataset should contain reliable chronic no-effect levels (NOEC/EC10-values) for at least 10 to 15 species, representing at least 8 different taxonomic groups. Reliable long-term toxicity data are only available for 6 freshwater organisms covering three trophic levels: aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna), fish (Jordanella floridae,Pimephales promelas,Poecilia reticulataandClarias batrachus) and algae (Scenedesmus subspicatus).