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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1994
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study conducted according to OECD Guideline 301 C but with deviations: no detail on material and methods
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
No details on material and methods
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Not applicable
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
No data
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Details on study design:
No data
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
94
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
- Indirect analysis (BOD): 94%
- Direct analysis (GC): 100%
Results with reference substance:
No data

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions, the chemical substance was determined to be ready biodegradable.
Executive summary:

In a ready biodegradation study performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C, (D,L)-camphor was tested at concentrations of 100 mg/L and the inoculum was activated sludge (30 mg/L). The degradation of the test material was assessed by the determination of the oxygen consumption.

At 100 mg/L test concentration, 94% degradation (biochemical oxygen demand) was reached in 28 days.

 

Under the test conditions, the substance was determined to be ready biodegradable.

 

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1996
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study conducted according to OECD Guideline 301 C but with deviations: no detail on material and methods
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
no detail on material and methods
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Not applicable
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
No data
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Details on study design:
No data
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
>= 90 - <= 99
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
- Indirect analysis (BOD): 90%
- Direct analysis (TOC) & (GC): 99% and 100% respectively.
Results with reference substance:
No data

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions, linalool was readily biodegradable.
Executive summary:

In a ready biodegradation study performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C, linalool was tested at concentrations of 100 mg/L and the inoculum was activated sludge (30 mg/L). The degradation of the test material was assessed by the determination of the oxygen consumption.

At 100 mg/L test concentration, 90 -99% degradation (biochemical oxygen demand) was reached in 28 days.

 

Under the test conditions, linalool was readily biodegradable.

 

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1991
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study without detailed documentation
Remarks:
- Only limited information is available on the test. No information about the composition of the medium, pH during the test, light regime and shaking during the study. All of these are important factors in the degradation of the test substance. - In a curve showing the oxygen consumption over 28 days, beside a sludge control (30 mg/L) also a blank control (100 mg/L) is included. This is probably due to a mistake, because in the report no information is given about an abiotic control included in this study.
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
limited information on material and methods
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Not applicable
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
No data
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
- prepared from soil of river bank, sludge of a municipal treatment plant and sludge of an industrial sewage plant.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
- 2 flasks Treated (basal culture medium + activated sludge + linalyl acetate (100-102 mg/L));
- 1 flask Positive Control (basal culture medium + activated sludge + Aniline (92 mg/L));
- 1 flask Blank Control (basal culture medium + activated sludge).

Incubation was performed for 28 days at 20°C.
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
75
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
See next section "any other information on results incl. tables"
Results with reference substance:
See next section "any other information on results incl. tables"

Biodegradation values for linalyl acetate and positive control. Values are corrected for blank control values:

Treatment Mean % biodegradation [% of ThOD] on day: 
1 4 7 10 14 18 22 28
Linalyl acetate 4 33 54 62 68 71 73 75
Positive control 0 9.4 72 74 77 78 80 84
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions, linalyl acetate was readily biodegradable.
Executive summary:

In a ready biodegradation study performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C, linalyl acetate (purity 96.0%) was tested and the inoculum was activated sludge (30 mg/L). The test was performed as follow:

- 2 flasks Treated (basal culture medium + activated sludge + linalyl acetate (100-102 mg/L));

- 1 flask Positive Control (basal culture medium + activated sludge + Aniline (92 mg/L));

- 1 flask Blank Control (basal culture medium + activated sludge).

The degradation of the test material was assessed by the determination of the oxygen consumption.

The incubation was performed for 28 days at 20°C. The oxygen consumption was determined daily with a volumetric respirometer.

The results of the biodegradation values for linalyl acetate and positive control are shown in the table herafter:

Treatment Mean % biodegradation [% of ThOD] on day: 
1 4 7 10 14 18 22 28
Linalyl acetate 4 33 54 62 68 71 73 75
Positive control 0 9.4 72 74 77 78 80 84

The mean % biodegradation of linalyl acetate reached 75% on day 28 and the 10-day window criterion was successful.

Therefore, under the test conditions, the substance linalyl acetate was considered as readily biodegradable.

 

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1987
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study conducted according to OECD Guideline 301 C but with deviations: no detail on material and methods
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
no detail on material and methods
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Not applicable
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
No data
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
Duration of test (contact time):
4 wk
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Details on study design:
No data
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
>= 90 - <= 97
Sampling time:
4 wk
Details on results:
- Indirect analysis (BOD): 97%
- Direct analysis (TOC) & (GC): 90% and 100% respectively.
Results with reference substance:
No data

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions, the chemical substance borneol is determinated to be ready biodegradable.
Executive summary:

In a ready biodegradation study performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C, borneol was tested at concentrations of 100 mg/L and the inoculum was activated sludge (30 mg/L). The degradation of the test material was assessed by the determination of the oxygen consumption.

At 100 mg/L test concentration, 90 -97% degradation was reached in 28 days.

 

Under the test conditions, the chemical substance borneol is determinated to be ready biodegradable.

 

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
1977
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Study conducted according to OECD Guideline 301 C but with deviations: no detail on material and methods
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
no detail on material and methods
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Not applicable
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
No data
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L
Duration of test (contact time):
2 wk
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Details on study design:
No data
Preliminary study:
No data
Test performance:
No data
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
>= 99.6 - <= 100
Sampling time:
2 wk
Details on results:
- Indirect analysis (BOD): 100%
- Direct analysis (TOC) & (GC): 99.6% and 100% respectively.
Results with reference substance:
No data

None

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions, the chemical substance coumarin is determinated to be ready biodegradable.
Executive summary:

In a ready biodegradation study performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C, coumarin was tested at concentrations of 100 mg/L and the inoculum was activated sludge (30 mg/L). The degradation of the test material was assessed by the determination of the oxygen consumption.

At 100 mg/L test concentration, 99.6 - 100 % degradation was reached in 2 weeks.

 

Under the test conditions, the chemical substance coumarin is determinated to be ready biodegradable.

 

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: screening test, other
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
2017-06-13 to 2017-06-13
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Remarks:
The value is not an experimental result, however the QSAR model is recommended by the ECHA guidance document on information requirements, is well documented with regard to validation parameters according to OECD principles. Moreover, the substance is fully characterised towards the applicability domain.
Justification for type of information:
QSAR prediction
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Reach Guidance on QSAR - R.6
Deviations:
no
Principles of method if other than guideline:
QSAR, Biowin v4.10. More details are given in QMRF/QPRF attached to the dossier.
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Not applicable
Oxygen conditions:
not specified
Inoculum or test system:
not specified
Details on inoculum:
not applicable
Details on study design:
not applicable
Preliminary study:
not applicable
Test performance:
not applicable
Parameter:
probability of ready biodegradability (QSAR/QSPR)
Remarks on result:
readily biodegradable based on QSAR/QSPR prediction
Details on results:
Biowin 1 (linear model prediction) = Biodegrades Fast
Biowin 2 (non-linear model prediction) = Biodegrades Fast
Biowin 3 (ultimate biodegradation timeframe) = weeks
Biowin 4 (Primary biodegradation timeframe) = days
Biowin 5 (MITI linear model prediction) = Readily Degradable
Biowin 6 (MITI non-linear model prediction) = Readily Degradable
Biowin 7 (Anaerobic model prediction) = Biodegrades Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES

See details in "Any other information on results incl. tables".
Results with reference substance:
not applicable

Please see the attached documents.

Validity criteria fulfilled:
not applicable
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
It is expected that the substance is readily biodegradable.
Executive summary:

The ready biodegradation property of the substance was investigated using QSAR approach with Biowin v4.10 plug-in from EPISUITE v4.1 from US EPA.

It's expected that the test item is readily biodegradable.

Description of key information

Based on a weight of evidence approach with data on constituents, the substance Lavandin concrete cannot be considered as readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE

Based on the typical composition of Lavandin concrete from the Lead Registrant, about 55% of the composition is known and constituents above 1% represent 48%.

In total, at least 45.44% of the whole substance is composed by readily biodegradable constituents (see table below):

Constituents

CAS No

% in the mixture*

Biodegradation results

Reference

Linalool

78-70-6

15.60

Readily Biodegradable

MITI, 1996

Linalyl acetate

115-95-7

17.23

Readily Biodegradable

OECD SIDS, 1991

Camphor

76-22-2

3.09

Readily Biodegradable

MITI, 1994

1,8-cineol

470-82-6

1.30

Readily Biodegradable

Rudio, 1997
coumarin 91 -64 -5 4.27 Readily Biodegradable MITI, 1977
7 -methoxycoumarin (herniarin) 531 -59 -9 2.13  Readily Biodegradable QSAR, Biowin v4.10
Borneol 464-45-9 1.82 Readily Biodegradable MITI, 1987
 4 -terpineol  562 -74 -3  1.46 Non Readily Biodegradable  QSAR, Biowin v4.10
 alpha-bisabolol  515 -69 -5  1.09 Non Readily Biodegradable   QSAR, Biowin v4.10

* % values in the mixtures have been taken from the typical composition supplied by the Lead registrant, taken into account constituents > 1% within the mixture

Based on a constituents knowledge approach, it cannot be possible to consider that LAVANDIN CONCRETE is readily biodegradable.