1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrates was predicted for 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine (39577-43-0). EC50 value was estimated to be 133 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. Based on the value, 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine (39577-43-0) was likely to be non toxic to aquatic invertebrates, hence it can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulations.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Using the EPI Suite ECOSAR version 1.10, the short term toxicity on green algae was predicted for test substance 1 -(3 -chloro phenyl)-4 -(3 -chloropropyl)piperazine (CAS: 39577 -43 -0). On the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system, the effect concentration EC50 value for the substance is estimated to be 132.76 mg/l for Desmodesmus subspicatus for 72 duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical 1 -(3 -chlorophenyl) -4 -(3 -chloropropyl)piperazine was likely to be non-toxic to green algae at environmentally relevant concentrations and can be considered not-classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Additional information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates for 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine (39577-43-0) was summarised with predicted data for target and experimental study of read across are summaries as follows:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrates was predicted for 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine (39577-43-0). EC50 value was estimated to be 133 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. Based on the value, 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine (39577-43-0) was likely to be non toxic to aquatic invertebrates, hence it can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulations.

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates was performed for tris(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) phosphate (CAS: 13674-84-5) in daphnia magna for 48 hrs from SIDS initial assessment report, 1985. The nominal concentrations were used as 0, 33.5, 67, 335, 502, and 670 ppm. 10 instar daphnids were exposed in triplicates by nominal concentrations. The daphnids were observed for immobilizations at 24 and 48 hrs. Based on chemical analysis of water samples collected from the exposure chambers, it appears that the actual concentrations of Antiblaze 80 are substantially lower than the nominal dose levels. The difference between the nominal and actual concentrations probably resulted from the limited water solubility of Antiblaze 80, especially at the higher concentrations. After 48 hrs, the LC 50 value was determined to be 209 ppm based on nominal dose levels using the binomial probability test, and 131 ppm based on actual test concentrations using the binomial probability test. Based on the value, Antiblaze 80 was likely to be non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulations.

Based on the above prediction of target and studies of functional read across, it was considered that 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine (39577-43-0) was non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulations.

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Various predicted data for the target chemical 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine(CAS No. 39577-43-0) and weight of evidence study for its read across substancewere reviewed to summarize the following information:

 

Short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria of target chemical1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine(CAS No. 39577-43-0) is predicted using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances (2017).On the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system, the effect concentration EC50 value for the substance is estimated to be 132.76 mg/l for Desmodesmus subspicatus for 72 duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical 1 -(3 -chlorophenyl) -4 -(3 -chloropropyl) piperazine was likely to be non-toxic to green algae at environmentally relevant concentrations and can be considered not-classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

In a weight of evidencestudy from authoritative database (J-CHECK, 2017) of the read across chemical 1 -Chlorooctane (CAS no. 111 -85 -3), short term toxicity to green algae study was carried out for 72 hrs. The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test). The study was based on the effects of the read across compound 1 -Chlorooctane on green algae in a static fresh water system. Based on effect on growth rate of the test organism green algae, the 72 hr EC50 and NOEC value was determined to be > 0.27 and 0.27 mg/l, respectively and on the basis of AUG, the 72 hr EC50 and NOEC value was determined to be > 4.4 and 0.18 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 1 -Chlorooctane can be considered as toxic to aquatic organisms. Since the chemical is readily biodegradable in nature, chemical 1 -Chlorooctane can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

In an another study from peer reviewed journal (Kuo-Pei Tsai and Chung-Yuan Chen, 2007) for the read across chemical 1,1,2 -trichloroethane (CAS no. 79 -00 -5), short term toxicity to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (green algae) study was carried out for 48 hrs. The study was based on the effects of the read across compound 1,1,2 -trichloroethane on green algae in a static fresh water closed system at a temperature of 24±1°C and pH 7.0, respectively. Test compound was tested at least twice (i.e; range finding test and definitive test). Stock solutions was freshly prepared, and its concentrations was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; 2996 Photodiode Array Detector; Waters, Millford, MA, USA). At the beginning of the definitive test, one treatment concentration, which was closest to the estimated EC50, was selected for concentration check. The concentration of toxicant was then analyzed by HPLC. Normally, the difference between the nominal and measured concentration was within the range of 1 to 6%. Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata UTEX 1648 was used as a test organism obtained from University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) test bottles of 300 ml volume was used as a test vessel for the study. The BOD bottles were completely filled, with no headspace left. A water seal was provided to ensure a closed test environment. The bottles were placed in an orbital shaker operated at 100 rpm. Algal growth medium with no ethylene-diaminetetera-acetic acid content was used for toxicity testing. The initial pH for the growth medium was 7.9, and the initial inoculated cell density was 15,000 cells/ml. All test were conducted in triplicate. The population density of the algae was determined using an electronic particle counter (Coulter Electronics, Luton, UK). The inhibition rate on the net increase of algal cell density was also calculated. Based on effect on growth rate of the test organism Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, the 72 hr EC50 value was determined to be 105.42 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 1,1,2 -trichloroethane can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

For the same read across chemical 1,1,2 -trichloroethane (CAS no. 79 -00 -5),short term toxicity to Chlamydomonas spp. (green algae) study was carried out for 96 hrs (ECOTOX database, 2017). The study was based on the effects of the read across compound 1,1,2 -trichloroethane (CAS no. 79 -00 -5) on Chlamydomonas spp. in a static fresh water system at a pH 8.0. Chlamydomonas spp. (green algae) was used as a test organism. Based on effect on growth rate of the test organism Chlamydomonas spp.(green algae), the 96 hr EC50 value was determined to be 260 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance 1,1,2 -trichloroethane can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Thus, based on the overall reported results for target chemical1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(3-chloropropyl)piperazine(OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3, 2017) and for its read across substance (fromauthoritative database J-CHECK, ECOTOX and peer reviewed journal),it can be concluded that the test substance 1 -(3 -chlorophenyl)-4 -(3 -chloropropyl)piperazine can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.