3-phenylpropionyl chloride

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Justification for type of information:

Data is from peer reviewed journal

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Refer below principle

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Short term toxicity to fish study was conducted on Petromyzon marinus (Sea Lamprey),Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout) fish species for 24 hrs.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 3 phenylpropionylchloride (Hydrocinnamoyl chloride)- Molecular formula: C9H9ClO - Molecular weight: 168.622- Smiles: c1cc(CCC(Cl)=O)ccc1- InChI: 1S/C9H9ClO/c10-9(11)7-6-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-5H,6-7H2- Substance type: organic- Physical state: solid

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant):2-Propanone or Ethanol - Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) or suspension(s) including control(s)): 5 PPT

Test organisms (species):

other: Petromyzon marinus,Lepomis macrochirus and Oncorhynchus mykiss

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISMPetromyzon marinus:Common name: Sea LampreySource: Ocqueo River , Presque Isle County, MichiganLength at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 3 to 5 inches in total lengthMethod of breeding: Larval lampreys were collected by means of an electric shocker in the Ocqueo River , Presque Isle County, Michigan, and were held in running water in aquaria and small "races" under conditions which simulated their natural stream habitatLepomis macrochirus:Common name: BluegillSource: Fish Division of the Michigan Conservation DepartmentLength at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): fingerling size , 4 inches or slightly less in lengthOncorhynchus mykiss:Common name: Rainbow TroutSource: Fish Division of the Michigan Conservation DepartmentLength at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): fingerling size , 4 inches or slightly less in length

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Hardness:

No data

Test temperature:

55°F

pH:

7.5 - 8.2

Dissolved oxygen:

No data

Salinity:

No data

Conductivity:

No data

Nominal and measured concentrations:

measured

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEMTest vessel: 10-liter glass battery containing 5 liters of waterMaterial, size, headspace, fill volume:Aeration: standard stone air – breakers (at near oxygen saturation)No. of organisms per vessel: 6No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): TriplicatesNo. of vessels per control (replicates): One TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERSSource/preparation of dilution water: Hammond Bay of Lake Huron

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The NOEC for Petromyzon marinus,Lepomis macrochirus and Oncorhynchus mykiss was found to be 5 mg/l after 24 hours of exposure to 3 phenylpropionylchloride (Hydrocinnamoyl chloride)

Executive summary:

Observations on the toxic effect of compound were made on larvae of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus),Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout).For sea lamprey Larval lampreys varied from 3 to 5 inches in total length and for other two fish speciesfingerling size,4 inches or slightly less in length. Larval lampreys were collected by means of an electric shocker in the Ocqueo River, Presque Isle County, Michigan, and were held in running water in aquaria and small "races" under conditions which simulated their natural stream habitat. The aggregate test animals available, usually six in number, were placed together in a 10-liter glass battery containing 5 liters of water. These jars were provided with aeration through standard stone air - breakers (at near oxygen saturation) and were maintained at a constant temperature.

Sea Larvae in the control jar were exposed only to the water and physical conditions of the typical test container. Water used in all tests was drawn from a supply pumped directly from Hammond Bay of Lake Huron. pH varied from 7. 5 to 8.2, dissolved oxygen from 8.6 to 13.7 p. p. m and free CO₂from 5. 0 to 9. 0 p. p. m.

Acetone or ethyl alcohol was used frequently as a solvent exposed many test animals to concentrations as high as 5 parts per 1000 of these substances. Observations of each test were made approximately six times, at various intervals, during the 24-hour test period. At each observation, the condition of every test specimen was determined and recorded.

In experiment the no observed effect concentration i.e NOEC for sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus),Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)was observed to be 5 mg/l after 24 hours of exposure to3 phenylpropionylchloride(hydrocinnamoyl chloride).

Description of key information

Observations on the toxic effect of compound were made on larvae of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout). For sea lamprey, Larval lampreys varied from 3 to 5 inches in total length and for other two fish species, fingerling size was 4 inches or slightly less in length. Larval lampreys were collected by means of an electric shocker in the Ocqueo River, Presque Isle County, Michigan, and were held in running water in aquaria and small "races" under conditions which simulated their natural stream habitat. The aggregate test animals available, usually six in number, were placed together in a 10-liter glass battery containing 5 liters of water. These jars were provided with aeration through standard stone air - breakers (at near oxygen saturation) and were maintained at a constant temperature.

Sea Larvae in the control jar were exposed only to the water and physical conditions of the typical test container. Water used in all tests was drawn from a supply pumped directly from Hammond Bay of Lake Huron. pH varied from 7. 5 to 8.2, dissolved oxygen from 8.6 to 13.7 p. p. m and free CO₂from 5. 0 to 9. 0 p. p. m.

Acetone or ethyl alcohol was used frequently as a solvent exposed many test animals to concentrations as high as 5 parts per 1000 of these substances. Observations of each test were made approximately six times, at various intervals, during the 24-hour test period. At each observation, the condition of every test specimen was determined and recorded.

In experiment the no observed effect concentration i.e NOEC for sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus),Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)was observed to be 5 mg/l after 24 hours of exposure to3 phenylpropionylchloride(hydrocinnamoyl chloride).

Additional information

Four studies including experimental result from peer reviewed journal and predicted data from validated tools for short term fish endpoint of test chemical 3 phenylpropionylchloride (Cas no. 645-45-4) with relevant read across which is structurally similar to target were summarised as follows:

First study from peer reviewed journal Spec.Sci.Rep.Fish.No.207, Fish Wildl.Serv., U.S.D.I., Washington, DC:157 p.82; 1957 suggest Observations on the toxic effect of compound were made on larvae of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus),Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout).For sea lamprey Larval lampreys varied from 3 to 5 inches in total length and for other two fish speciesfingerling size,4 inches or slightly less in length. Larval lampreys were collected by means of an electric shocker in the Ocqueo River, Presque Isle County, Michigan, and were held in running water in aquaria and small "races" under conditions which simulated their natural stream habitat. The aggregate test animals available, usually six in number, were placed together in a 10-liter glass battery containing 5 liters of water. These jars were provided with aeration through standard stone air - breakers (at near oxygen saturation) and were maintained at a constant temperature. In the control jar test species were exposed only to the water and physical conditions of the typical test container. Water used in all tests was drawn from a supply pumped directly from Hammond Bay of Lake Huron. pH varied from 7. 5 to 8.2, dissolved oxygen from 8.6 to 13.7 p. p. m and free CO2from 5. 0 to 9. 0 p. p. m. Acetone or ethyl alcohol was used frequently as a solvent exposed many test animals to concentrations as high as 5 parts per 1000 of these substances. Observations of each test were made approximately six times, at various intervals, during the 24-hour test period. At each observation, the condition of every test specimen was determined and recorded. In experiment the no observed effect concentration i.e NOEC for sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus),Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) and Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)was observed to be 5 mg/l after 24 hours of exposure to 3 phenylpropionylchloride(hydrocinnamoyl chloride).

Using the EPI Suite ECOSAR version 1.11, the short term toxicity on fish was predicted for test substance 3 phenylpropionylchloride (CAS no.645-45-4) on the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system. The lethal concentration LC50 value for the substance was estimated to be 243.714 mg/l for fish for 96 hr exposure duration.

Target results assist by experimental result from another peer reviewed journal Spec.Sci.Rep.Fish.No.207, Fish Wildl.Serv., U.S.D.I., Washington, DC:157 p.; 1957 of read across chemical methyl phenylacetate (Cas no. 101-41-7) which suggest In short term fish toxicity the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) value of Methyl phenylacetate in fish[Oncorhynchus mykiss] in a 24 hr study was observed to be 5 mg/L.

Above aquatic classification support by one another read across chemical benzyl acetate (Cas no. 140-11-4) which indicate In experimental study from peer reviewed journal (U.S.Fish.Wildl.Serv., Sp.Sci.Rep.- Fish.No.471, Washington, D.C.: 124 p., 1963)Short term toxicity study to Cyprinus carpio was carried out for 44 hrs.Test was performed under flow through conditions.After exposure of test animal to different dose conc. i.e, at 68, 130 and 146 mg/l of test chemical benzyl acetate, no effects were observed on the test animal. Thus, the NOEC value was consider to be 146 mg/l respectively.

Thus based on the all available lethal concentrations which is in the range 146 mg/l to 243.714 mg/l of target and read across chemicals and NOEC was 5 mg/l give the conclusion that test substance 3 phenylpropionylchloride (Cas no. 645-45-4) was likely to be non toxic to fish as it not exceed the classification criteria, hence it can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulation.