4-[(4-chloro-6-{[(3 or 4)-sulfophenyl]amino}-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]-2-{[1-ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-oxo-5-(sulfonatomethyl)-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl]diazenyl}benzenesulfonic acid, lithium sodium salts

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

calculation (if not (Q)SAR)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Justification for type of information:

The approach taken is to consider the chemical structure and class of this substance then estimate the endpoints from both the chemistry, including read-across to similar substance types through literature searches and basic QSAR modelling. The result is considered validated.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The assessment of data from different sources concentrated on data obtained by methods equivalent to OECD 201
It is noted that OECD guidance on testing coloured substances does not appear to have been followed in cases where inhibitrion was noted.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Scenedesmus sp.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Conclusions:

There are many reported studies on algea and this review concludes that although the intense colour of some dyes may inhibit photosynthetic growth, there is limited evidence of toxic effects to aquatic plants.

Executive summary:

From assessment of similar sulphonated azo substances, it is concludes that CJ301 need not be classified as hazardous to aquatic organisms on the basis of effects to aquatic plants. Although some references show an inhibition of growth rates biomass at concentrations below 100 mg/l, it is considered very likely that this is mainly due to absorption of light at wavelengths liked to photosynthesis.

 

Data provided by ECHA on Reactive Yellow 95 indicate no classification is required.

 

No convincing evidence has been found that the substance causes harm to aquatic plants, other than shading from the coloured material.  

 

The read-across is valid and is backed up by review documents, including an assessment of azo dyes by the Danish EPA that conclude low environmental toxicity to aquatic organisms. Also, the test results from the Daphnia test on

Description of key information

From comparison of similar dyes, the intense colour may inhibit photosynthetic growth at high concentrations, but there is no evidence of biological effects. 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:

100 mg/L

Additional information

From assessment of similar sulphonated azo substances, it is concludes that CJ301 need not be classified as hazardous to aquatic organisms on the basis of effects to aquatic plants. Although some references show an inhibition of growth rates biomass at concentrations below 100 mg/l, it is considered very likely that this is mainly due to absorption of light at wavelengths liked to photosynthesis.

 

Data provided by ECHA on Reactive Yellow 95 indicate no classification is required.

 

No convincing evidence has been found that the substance causes harm to aquatic plants, other than shading from the coloured material.  

 

The read-across is valid and is backed up by review documents, including an assessment of azo dyes by the Danish EPA that conclude low environmental toxicity to aquatic organisms.