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EC number: 215-138-9 | CAS number: 1305-78-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
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- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
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- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
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- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
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- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Toxicity to birds
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Information on this endpoint is required for the assessment of the risks for secondary poisoning. Secondary poisoning is concerned with toxic effects in the higher members of the food chain, either living in the aquatic or terrestrial environment, which result from ingestion of organisms from lower trophic levels that contain accumulated substances. In the environment, calcium oxide is transformed to calcium and hydroxyl ions and does not occur in its original form in living organisms. Therefore it is concluded that birds or other higher members of the food chain will not be exposed to calcium oxide as such and therefore this endpoint is considered not to be relevant. Furthermore, the levels of calcium and hydroxyl ions in organisms will be systemically regulated.
A large data set of studies is available on calcium carbonate, both laboratory studies using test animals and human data reported in the public domain. The toxicity profile of calcium carbonate in birds can therefore be predicted from that reported in the mammalian studies.
Calcium carbonate is naturally present in the environment and is a constituent of many foods. Comprising about 1.5% of a bird's weight, calcium is the predominant mineral in the body. It is therefore an essential element in a bird's diet and is used for bone formation, egg shell production and blood clotting. It also affects the heart, muscles and nerves, as well as some of the body's enzyme systems. Calcium carbonate is the main compound found in egg shells.
Based on the large mammalian dataset that is currently available and the ubiquitous nature of calcium carbonate in the environment, toxicity testing with birds is scientifically unjustified.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
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