Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-C10-13-sec-alkyl derivs.

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1989-10-31 to 1989-11-2

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Followed guideline with minor deviation, well documented

Justification for type of information:

Category Approach; test material is C12 LAS, a major component of reference substance LAS. LAS provides suitable read across for LAB Sulfonic Acids as both form the identical chemical species in aqueous solutions at neutral (environmental) pH, namely, the LAS ion (C10-13 linear alkyl benzene-SO3-) and would be expected to have similar ecotoxicological properties.

Cross-reference

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1990

Report date:

1990

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Measurement of test concentration is not available.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

EC Number:

270-115-0

EC Name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

Cas Number:

68411-30-3

Molecular formula:

Not applicable for UVCB

IUPAC Name:

sodium 4-undecylbenzenesulfonate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS ex Petresa) (E-3474.01)
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): Molecular formula was not given but structure is given in the report
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): Not available
- Structural formula attached as image file (if other than submission substance): Structure provided in the study report
- Substance type: Pure active substance
- Physical state: Liquid
- Radiochemical purity (if radiolabelling): Not applicable
- Specific activity (if radiolabelling): Not applicable
- Locations of the label (if radiolabelling): Not applicable
- Expiration date of radiochemical substance (if radiolabelling): Not applicable
- Stability under test conditions: Not available
- Storage condition of test material: Cooled conditions under 4-8 degree C
- Other: None

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: Samples for analysis of each concentration tested were taken at 0, 24 and 48 h
- Sampling method: The samples were taken in glass bottles and preserved by adding 1ml of 37% formalin in 99 ml of test sample solution
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Not available

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: 200 mg of Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS ex Petresa) (E-3474.01) (ETS311) was accurately weighed out and dissolved in 2000 ml of dilution water, resulting in a solution containing 100mg/L. From this solution 32, 56, 100, 180, 320 and 560 ml were taken and diluted with dilution water to one liter. These solutions, containing 3.2, 5.6,10, 18, 32 and 56 mg/L and the solution containing 100mg/L were used as test solutions; portions of 100ml of each test solution were placed in each of four 150 ml beakers.
- Eluate: Not applicable
- Differential loading: Not applicable
- Controls: Control vessel contained 100% dilution water.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): Not applicable
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution): Not applicable
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): None

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Daphnia magna Straus 1820
- Source: TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute Laboratory culture
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): <24 h old
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): Not available
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): Not available
- Valve height at study initiation, for shell deposition study (mean and range, SD): Not applicable
- Peripheral shell growth removed prior to test initiation: Not applicable
- Method of breeding: Organisms were cultured in laboratory kept under conditions specified in NPR 6503
- Feeding during test: Not fed
- Food type: Not applicable
- Amount: Not applicable
- Frequency: Not applicable


ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Not available
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Not available
- Type and amount of food: Not available
- Feeding frequency: Not available
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Not available


QUARANTINE (wild caught)
- Duration: Not applicable
- Health/mortality: Not applicable

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Post exposure observation period:

Not applicable

Test conditions

Hardness:

The hardness of the test solution was 215 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

Temperature was maintained at 20 +/-1 degree C

pH:

pH was measured at 0 and 48 h. Overall pH ranged 7.9-8.1. See the table 1 given below
Control, 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56 mg/L pH ranged as 8-8.1
100 mg/L: range 7.9-8

Dissolved oxygen:

DO was measured at 0 and 48 h. Overall DO ranged 8.8-9.6 mg/L. See the Table 2 given below.
Control: range 8.8-9.5 mg/L
3.2 mg/L: range 8.8-9.3 mg/L
5.6 mg/L: range 8.7-9.1 mg/L
10 mg/L: range 8.8-9.4 mg/L
18 mg/L: range 8.8-9.3 mg/L
32 mg/L and 56 mg/L: range 8.8-9.2 mg/L
100 mg/L: range 8.8-9.6 mg/L

Salinity:

Not applicable

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations based on the test material as received were 0, 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L. The test material contained 12.09% active. Samples were taken for analytical measurement of test concentrations, but those results are not available in this study report.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed: Not available
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 150 ml all-glass beakers, containing 100 ml test solution.
- Aeration: Not aerated
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Not renewed
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): Not applicable
- Biomass loading rate: 100 ml of test solution/5 organisms=20 ml test solution per organism


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: The dilution water was prepared by the addition of several salts to groundwater from a locality near Linschoten (The Netherlands). The composition of the dilution water (DSWL) was Na+: 1.20 mmol/L, K+: 0.23 mmol/L, Cl-: 2.59 mmol/L, SO4:2-: 0.67 mmol/L, HCO3-: 1.39mmol/L and contained several other trace elements (<<1mg/L). Water had hardness of 215 mg/L as CaCO3, pH of 8-8.2. This DSWL had proven to be suitable for the culture of the test organism used in this test.
- Total organic carbon: Not available
- Particulate matter: Not available
- Metals: Not available
- Pesticides: Not available
- Chlorine: Not available
- Alkalinity: Not available
- Ca/mg ratio: 1.37 mmol/L Ca 2+/ 0.78mmol/L Mg+2
- Conductivity: Not available
- Culture medium different from test medium: Not specified in the study report.
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH and DO were measured at the beginning and at the end of the test. Temperature was maintained constant throughout the test.


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: Not applicable
- Photoperiod: 16 h light and 8 h dark
- Light intensity: Not available


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : The immobile animals were counted after 24 h and 48 h. At the same time, the condition (Swimming behaviour, color or any other observable morphological or behavioural criterium) of the mobile animals was visually compared with that of the control animals (blanks)


TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 1.8
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Not applicable
- Range finding study: No
- Test concentrations: N/A
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: N/A

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

2.9 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 2.5-3.5 mg/L

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

6.4 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 5.4-7.5 mg/L

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: At some test concentrations, the daphnids moved irregularly and more slowly than controls (see Table 3 below for details).
- Observations on body length and weight: None
- Other biological observations: At some test concentrations, some daphnids were paler than the controls (see Table 3 below for details).
- Mortality of control: None
- Other adverse effects control: None
- Abnormal responses: None
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: None
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: None

Results with reference substance (positive control):

Not applicable

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The EC50 values and their confidence intervals were calculated by means of a parametric model developed by a Kooijiman.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 3: Number of mobile animals and their condition at several concentrations of E-3474.01 (ETS 311) and after several exposure times(a, b, cand d are quadruplicate test vessels).

Time (h)	Concentration of test substance (mg.l"^1)
	0				3.2				5.6				10
	a	b	c	d	a	b	c	d	a	b	c	d	a	b	c	d
0	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
24	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
48	5^1)	5^1)	5^1)	5^1)	5^2)	5^2)	5^2)	5^2)	5^2)	5^2)	5^2)	5^3)4)	4^3)4)	5^3)4)	5^3)4)	5^3)4)
Time (h)	Concentration of test substance (mg.l'^1)
	18				32				56				100
	a	b	c	d	a	b	c	d	a	b	c	d	a	b	c	d
0	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
24	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	1	3	3	3	0	0	0	0
48	4^3)4)	4^3)4)	3^3)4)	3^3)4)	1^3)4)5)	2^3)4)5)	3^3)4)5)	2^3)4)5)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

1)     Condition of all test animals, visually assessed, normal (= good),

2)     Condition of all test animals, visually assessed, equal to that of the control animals.

3)     The quoted number animals were mobile, according to the definition given in OECD Guideline no. 202, but their condition (see section 2.4) was not equal to that of the control animals; they moved irregularly and more slowly than the controls.

4)   The quoted number of mobile animals was paler than the control animals.

5) The animals were almost immobile

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

All criteria of OECD 202 were met

Conclusions:

The 48-hour EC50 of Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS ex Petresa) to Daphnia magna was 2.9 mg/L based on nominal concentration of the active ingredient.

Executive summary:

In a 48 h acute toxicity study, Daphnia magna were exposed to Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS ex Petresa) at nominal concentrations of 0 (Control), 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L under static condition, based on the sample as received. The sample was 12.1% active ingredient, and results were adjusted to the active ingredient basis.

The 48 h EC50 value based on mobility was 2.9 mg a.i./L with 95% CL of 2.5 to 3.5 mg/L. This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for the current OECD 202 Daphnia acute toxicity study