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EC number: 270-990-9 | CAS number: 68512-91-4 A complex combination of hydrocarbons produced by distillation and condensation of crude oil. It consists of hydrocarbons having carbon numbers in the range of C3 through C5, predominantly C3 through C4.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Boiling point
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- -0.5 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Remarks on result:
- other: At standard temperature and pressure
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of butane is -0.5°C.
- Executive summary:
The boiling point of butane is -0.5°C. This information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP status not known, guideline not known, information from a published handbook, acceptable with restrictions
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: Method not known.
- Boiling pt.:
- -88.6 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 101.325 kPa
- Decomposition:
- no
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of ethane at 101.325kPa is -88.6°C.
- Executive summary:
No information on the primary source of the data or the methods used is available. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. Most up to date source. Other reliable 2 sources confirm result. The boiling point of ethane at 101.325kPa is -88.6°C.
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- -161.48 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Remarks on result:
- other: At standard temperature and pressure
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of methane is -161.48°C.
- Executive summary:
The boiling point of methane is -161.48°C. This information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- -42.1 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Remarks on result:
- other: At standard temperature and pressure
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of propane is -42.10°C.
- Executive summary:
The boiling point of propane is -42.10°C. This information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP non compliant, guideline not known, information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- No data reported
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- -4.41 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Decomposition:
- no
- Remarks on result:
- other: At standard pressure
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of buta-1,3-diene is -4.41˚C.
- Executive summary:
The boiling point of 1,3-butadiene is -4.41˚C. No information on the primary source of this data or the methods used is available. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. This value is consistent with the value cited in the EU RAR (2002) for 1,3-butadiene.
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP status not known, information from a published handbook, acceptable with restrictions
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- No data reported
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Key result
- Boiling pt.:
- -103.77 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Remarks on result:
- other: No further details provided
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of ethylene is -103.77 °C at 1013 hPa
- Executive summary:
The boiling point of ethylene is -103.77 °C at 1013 hPa. No information on the methods used is available. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Up to 2008
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- -6.26 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of but-1-ene is -6.26˚C
- Executive summary:
No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling point of but-1-ene is -6.26˚C
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Up to 2008
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- 0.88 - 3.71 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Decomposition:
- no
- Conclusions:
- The boiling points of the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene ranged from 0.88 - 3.71˚C at pressure 1013 hPa
- Executive summary:
No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling point of 2 -butene is 0.88 to 3.71˚C.
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Up to 2008
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- -11.73 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Decomposition:
- no
- Conclusions:
- The boiling points isobutane was -11.73˚C at pressure 1013 hPa
- Executive summary:
No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling points butane was -11.73˚C at pressure 1013 hPa
- Endpoint:
- boiling point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Up to 2008
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP, non-guideline, Information from published handbook, acceptable with restrictions.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of secondary sources of data is acceptable when they are based on a critical evaluation of peer-reviewed data and a consequent selection of a reliable and representative value for the property under investigation. The introduction to the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics states that data for physical constants have been taken from many sources, including both compilations and the primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen. Therefore, although the method used is not known, the values presented here are acceptable as they are from a reliable secondary source of phys chem. data.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data reported
- Boiling pt.:
- -6.9 °C
- Atm. press.:
- 1 013 hPa
- Decomposition:
- no
- Conclusions:
- The boiling point of 2-methylpropene is -6.9˚C
- Executive summary:
No information on the test method used is available in the handbook. However, this information is taken from a reliable peer reviewed handbook and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. The boiling point of 2-methylpropene is -6.9˚C
Referenceopen allclose all
At 101.325kPa. No decomposition or sublimation recorded.
No further details reported
The range reported for the boiling point of 2 -butene is based on the boiling points of the cis and trans isomers.
The range reported for the boiling point of 2 -Methylpropane (isobutane) is -11.73 °C pressure is assumed.
Description of key information
The boiling point of the substances in the category ranges from -161.48°C to 3.71°C.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Boiling point at 101 325 Pa:
- -29.6 °C
Additional information
Data from the CRC handbook (Lide 2008) were available for the substances methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, 2-methylpropane (isobutane), 2-methylpropene, butane, butene, 1-butene, 2-butene, and 1,3-butadiene. Data are also available from the Merck handbook (O’Neill 2006) for methane, ethane, propane and butane. The information is taken from reliable peer reviewed handbooks and so can be considered reliable and suitable for use for this endpoint.
The boiling point of methane is -161.48°C, ethane is -88.6°C, ethylene is -103.77°C, propane is -42.10°C, 2 -methylpropane is -11.73°C, 2 -Methylpropene is -6.9°C, butane is -0.5°C, butene is -6.27°C to -3.71°C, 1 -Butene is -6.26°C, 2 -Butene is 0.88°C (cis) and 3.71°C (trans), and 1,3 -Butadiene is -4.41°C.
The data available for these substances can be read across to other members of the category. The mean of the boiling point values for the category is -29.6°C and this has been used to complete the 'key value for chemical safety assessment'. This value may change for streams that do not contain 1,3 -butadiene.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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