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EC number: 909-044-3 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Executive summary:
For the parameter growth rate , the 72-hour ErC50 value was calculated to be 153 mg test item/L and the 72h-NOEC was 1.0 mg/L
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Study period:
- 2003
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP - guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Version / remarks:
- cited as Directive 92/69/EEC, C.3; in most parts equivalent to the OECD TG 201
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - samples were taken at the start (0 hrs) and end (72 hrs) of the experiment
- samples from control and test concentrations were analysed - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- To produce the only test concentration 125.1 mg of the test item were added to 1 litre of dilution water and treated for 30 minutes on a magnetic stirrer.
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): non-axenic strain of the test species obtained from 'The Collection of Algal Cultures' of the Institute of Plant Physiology at the University of Göttingen (Germany)
MAINTENANCE OF STOCK CULTURES
Exponentially-growing stock cultures are maintained in the test facility under constant temperature conditions (23 +/- 2°C) at a light intensity in the range 60 - 120 µE x m-2 x s-1 (measured in the range 400 to 700 nm using a spherical quantum flux meter). The nutrient medium (according to Bringmann and Kuehn (1977) is renewed once a week. Cell density measurements are made using a microcell counter.
PREPARATION OF PRE-CULTURES
Pre-cultures are set up three days before the start of a test. They are grown under identical exposure conditions as the stock cultures, except from the use of a different nutrient medium (see below).
TEST CULTURES
The algal inocula for a test are taken from an exponentially-growing pre-culture and are mixed with the nutrient medium (see below) to make up to a final cell density of about 10E4 cells per millilitre in the test medium.
NUTRIENT MEDIUM OF PRE-CULTURES AND TEST CULTURES
=> see "details on test conditions" - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 21-25°C ± 2°C
- pH:
- start of the experiment (0 h): 8.2 (control) and 8.1 (100 mg/L)
end of experiment (72 h): 10.5 (control) and 10.6 (100 mg/L) - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentration: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 ml Erlenmeyer flasks with stoppers
- Type: closed
- Initial cells density: 10E4 cells/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM OF PRE-CULTURES AND TEST CULTURES
- the nutrient medium is obtained from the following 3 stock solutions:
Stock solution 1: macro-nutrients
NH4Cl: 15 mg/l
MgCl2 x 6 H2O: 12 mg/l
CaCl2 x 2 H2O : 18 mg/l
MgSO4 x 7 H2O: 15 mg/l
KH2PO4: 1.6 mg/l
Stock solution 2: Fe-EDTA
FeCl3 x 6 H2O: 80 µg/l
Na2EDTA x 2 H2O: 100 µg/l
Stock solution 3: trace elements
H3BO3: 185 µg/l
MnCl2 x 4 H2O: 415 µg/l
ZnCl2: 3 µg/l
CoCl2 x 6 H2O: 1.5 µg/l
CuCl2 x 2 H2O: 0.01 µg/l
Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O: 7 µg/l
Solid NaHCO3 is added to the nutrient media to make up a final concentration of 50 mg/l in the solutions of the pre-cultures and test cultures.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: 60-120 µE x m² x s-1
- Light spectral range: 400-700 nm
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Effect parameters: growth and growth rate
- Determination of cell concentrations: by microcell counter or a microscopic counting chamber
- Observation intervals: 24 hour intervals (24 h, 48 h, 72 h) - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
Referenceopen allclose all
Inhibition of algal growth - summary of raw data
table 1: mean cell density during the test
Nominal concentration [mg/l] |
Cell density [cells/ml] |
||
24 h |
48 h |
72 h |
|
Control |
50000 |
146111 |
333333 |
100 |
60000 |
186667 |
432222 |
table 2: mean growth [integral of biomass]
Nominal concentration [mg/l] |
Area under growth curve |
Inhibition (+) / Increase (-) [%] |
Control |
337778 |
0.0 |
100 |
437778 |
-29.6 |
table 3: mean growth rate
Nominal concentration [mg/l] |
Growth rate [1/d] |
Inhibition (+) / Increase (-) [%] |
Control |
1.17 |
0.0 |
100 |
1.26 |
-7.4 |
Chemical analysis:
The results of two different analytical methods (HPLC and DOC-determination) clearly demonstrate that dimethyl phosphonate hydrolysed within a few hours and that the overall concentration of organic carbon (measured by DOC) was stable throughout the complete exposure period. Therefore the results were expected based on nominal concentrations.
table 4: chemical analysis
control |
100 mg/l |
|||
0 h |
72 h |
0 h |
72 h |
|
DOC replicates [mg/l] |
< 5 / < 5 |
10 / 10 |
22 / 21 |
22 / 22 |
DOC mean value [mg/l] |
< 5 |
10 |
21.5 |
22.0 |
HPLC replicates Dimethylphosphit [mg/l] |
< 0.375 |
< 0.375 |
< 0.375 |
< 0.375 |
HPLC replicates Monomethylphosphit [mg/l] |
< 0.375* |
< 0.375* |
25.28* |
26.96* |
* Values calculated as dimethylphosphit.
Description of key information
For phosphonic ester residue, there is no study on algae or cyanobacteria available. However, for two components, dimethyl phosphonate (CAS 868-85-9, DMP) and phosphonic acid (13598-36-2, PA) such studies are available. In the study with DMP, dimethyl phosphonate was hydrolysed completely to monomethyl phosphonate (CAS 13590-71-1, MMP) within about 0.5 h during the preparation of the test solutions. MMP remained stable during the test for 72 h. Thus, it is plausible to assume that the study with DMP considers also potential effects of MMP, the third component of the registered substance.
In the study with DMP, no toxic effect on growth rate of Desmodesmus subspicatus could be observed, thus the 72 h-EC50 (nominal) was = 100 mg/L.
In the study with PA, the 72-hour ErC50 value was calculated to be 153 mg test item/L.
Thus, one can assume, that phosphonic ester residue shows no effects up to 100 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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