Extract obtained from defatted powder of Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) by extraction with ethanol

Flammability

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

flammable solids

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

12 December 2017

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

UN Manual of Tests and Criteria: Test N.1 (Test method for readily combustible solids)

Version / remarks:

2015

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

GLP compliance programme (inspected on 15-16 November 2017 / signed on 15 May 2018)

Key result

Test procedure:

burning rate test: preliminary screening test

Remarks on result:

substance does not ignite and propagate combustion either by burning with flame or smouldering along 200 mm of the powder train within the 2 minutes test period

Safety Pre-Test

It was observed, that the test item melted to a black liquid and expanded a little bit. The test item showed no signs of ignition.

 

Preliminary Screening Test

In the preliminary screening test following the UN method, the test item was heated with the flame of a teclu burner. The test item melted to a black liquid then expanded and became hard. No ignition occured within two minutes.

 

Results and Discussion

No ignition was observed throughout the course of the test.

The test item should be considered as non-flammable solid (for UN regulations).

 

No observations were made which might cause doubts concerning the validity of the study outcome.

Interpretation of results:

not classified based on GHS criteria

Conclusions:

The test item is not classified as a flammable solid according to Regulation (EC) N°1272/2008 (CLP) criteria.

Executive summary:

The substance was tested for its flammable properties, according to UN MTC N1 guideline, and under GLP.

During the preliminary assay, the item could not be ignited within the 2-min duration of application of the burner flame. Therefore no main test was performed.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

pyrophoric liquids

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is known to be stable in contact with air at room temperature for prolonged periods of time (days) and hence, the classification procedure does not need to be applied

the study does not need to be conducted because the organic substance does not contain metals or metalloids and hence, the classification procedure does not need to be applied

Reference 3

Endpoint:

substances / mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the organic substance does not contain metals or metalloids and hence, the classification procedure does not need to be applied

the study does not need to be conducted because the experience in production or handling shows that the substance does not react with water, e.g. the substance is manufactured with water or washed with water

Reference 4

Endpoint:

self-heating substances / mixtures

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because the substance is completely molten at 160°C

Description of key information

Flash Point= 229.5°C (exp) => NOT a flammable liquid (CLP/GHS)

No ignition within the 2-min duration of application of the burner flame (exp) => NOT a flammable solid (CLP/GHS).

NOT flammable if contact with air or water (waived).

NO self-heating properties anticipated (waived)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Flammability:

not classified

Additional information

Considering the the substance is a pasty solid (described as a black-brown pasty solid, mixture of porous clumps), the evaluation of Flammability of the substance according to UN N1 method is considered in this dossier. Additionally, considering that the substance may be handled in liquid form, the substance was also tested for Flash Point according to ISO/EU equilibrium closed cup method, and is presented under point 4.11. Both are considered as key studies.

Justification for classification or non-classification

The measured flash point (229.5°C) is above 60°C, therefore the substance is NOT classified as Flammable liquid according to Regulation (EC) N°1272/2008 (CLP criteria) and UN Globally Harmonized System (GHS criteria).

During the UN Test N.1, no ignition was observed within the 2-min duration of application of the burner flame. Therefore, the substance is NOT classified as a flammable solid according to Regulation (EC) N°1272/2008 (CLP criteria) and UN Globally Harmonized System (GHS criteria).

Based on the chemical structure of the known constituents and experience in handling, testing and use of the substance, no flammable properties are anticipated if contact with air or water, therefore studies were deemed unnecessary in accordance with section 1 of REACh Annex XI.

Finally the substance is described as a black-brown pasty solid, mixture of porous clumps (see endpoint 4.1) with a melting point below 160°C  (see endpoint 4.2). Therefore no classification as self-heating substance is anticipated.