Lithium potassium titanium oxide

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

30/06/2003-02/07/2003

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study has been performed according to OECD and EC guidelines and according to GLP principles.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2003

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Version / remarks:

(1984)

Test guideline 3

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD 23 (2000)

Test guideline 4

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))

GLP compliance:

yes

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Lithium Potassium Titanium Oxide

EC Number:

445-620-6

Cas Number:

39318-30-4

Molecular formula:

Hill Empirical formula: K(0.5-0.7) Li(0.27) Ti(1.73) O(3.8-3.95) CAS Empirical formula: K(0.5-0.7) Li(0.27) Ti(1.73) O(3.8-3.95)

IUPAC Name:

Lithium Potassium Titanium Oxide

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): TERRACESS L
- Substance type: white powder
- Physical state: solid, crystalline

- Lot/batch No.: 2D79A
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 11 April 2004
- Storage condition of test material: At room temperature in the dark

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- Concentrations: duplicate samples for analysis were taken from the 5 µm filtered solution prepared at 100 mg/l (3 days stirring) and the control
- Sampling method: 20 ml from the approximate centre of the test vessel
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: All samples were stored in a deep-freeze until shipment to Solvias AG, Basel, Switzerland.

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: As a consequence of the poor solubility, a supersaturated solution was prepared at nominally 100 mg/l and magnetically stirred for three days to achieve maximum solubility. The resulting dispersion was filtered through a paper filter (Schleicher and Schuell 604) to remove the larger undissolved test substance particles (ca. > 5µm). The filtered solution was used to prepare three lower concentrations (0.1, 1.0 and 10% of the filtrate.). All final solutions were clear and colourless

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus, 1820
- Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): For the test selection of young daphnia with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old
- Method of breeding: With new-born animals, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 10 litres of medium in an all-glass culture vessel.
- Feeding during test: no feeding

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

250 mg CaCO3/L

Test temperature:

20.7-21.1

pH:

Blank7.9 (start) - 7.9 (end)
100% filtrate: 8.3 (start) - 8.0 (end)

Dissolved oxygen:

Blank: 8.8 (start) - 8.7 (end)
100% filtrate: 8.8 (start) - 8.7 (end)

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: A 5 µm filtered solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (100%) and dilutions containing 0.1, 1.0 and 10% of the filtrate.
Blank control: Test medium without test substance or other additives (0 mg/l).
Measured: Analysis of the samples taken from the 5 µm filtrate prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (100%) showed that measured concentrations based on Lithium and Titanium were below the detection limit of the analytical method, i.e. below 0.1 mg/l. The Potassium concentration could be measured and remained stable at approximately 3 mg/l during the 48-hour test period.
Extrapolating this concentration to the concentration of the test substance TERRACESS L resulted in a concentration of 13 mg/l (using the formula: K concentration analysed /0.76 * M K )* M TERRACESS L).

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 ml, all-glass containing 80 ml medium
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4 for the blank and the 100 mg/L filtrate and 2 for the 10, 1 and 0.1 % dilutions of 100 mg/Lfiltrate


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: ISO, prepared in milli-RO water
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes, M7 was used for the culturing


OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours photoperiod daily


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility (including mortality) at 24 h and 48 h.

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 10
- Range finding study: this test was a combined limit and range finding test
- Test concentrations: A 5 µm filtered solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (100%) and dilutions containing 0.1, 1.0 and 10% of the filtrate

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 3 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

Potassium

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: (> WSL)

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 13 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Remarks:

Terracess L

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: (> WSL)

Details on results:

No significant immobilisation of Daphnia was observed during the test period in any of the concentrations tested

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? yes
The 24h-EC50 was 1.2 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval between 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l.

The 48h-EC50 was 0.60 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval between 0.52 and 0.76 mg/l

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the test, Terracess L did not induce acute immobilisation of Daphnia magna at a loading rate of 100 mg/L prepared by filtering the substance through a 5 um filter after 3 days stirring. Given the low solubility of Terracess L in water, concetration levels that might be toxic for daphnids could not be reached. Therefore, the 48 h EC50 excceded the maximum solubility in water.