Chromium tin calcium silicon sphene

Ecotoxicological Summary

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for air

Air

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for predators

Secondary poisoning

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no potential for bioaccumulation

Conclusion on classification

Reliable proprietary studies are not available for chromium tin calcium silicon sphene.

 

Regarding the acute toxicity, the poorly soluble substance chromium tin calcium silicon sphene is evaluated by comparing the dissolved metal ion levels resulting from the transformation/dissolution test after 7 days at a loading rate of 1 mg/L with the lowest acute ecotoxicity reference values (ERVs) as determined for the (soluble) metal ions. The ERVs are based on the lowest EC50/LC50 values for algae, invertebrates and fish. Acute ERVs were obtained from the Metals classification tool (MeClas) database as follows: Acute ERVs for calcium and silicon are not available since a concern for short-term toxicity was not identified, respectively (see also OECD, 2002 and 2004). For trivalent chromium and tin ions, the acute ERVs are above 1 mg/L (>100 mg Cr3+/L; 9.8 mg Sn/L) and a concern for short-term (acute) toxicity was also not identified (no classification). According to ECHA Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria (Version 5.0, July 2017), “Where the acute ERV for the metal ions of concern is greater than 1 mg/L the metals need not be considered further in the classification scheme for acute hazard.” Due to the lack of an acute aquatic hazard potential for calcium, chromium, silicon and tin ions and the fact that (after 7 days T/D at pH 8 and a loading of 1 mg/L) dissolved concentrations of chromium remained below the LOD (< 0.5 µg/L) and tin concentration amount to 2.2 µg Sn/L and are well below the lowest acute ERV of 9.8 mg Sn/L, it can be concluded that the substance chromium tin calcium silicon sphene is not sufficiently soluble to cause short-term toxicity at the level of the acute ERVs (expressed as EC50/LC50).

 

Supporting studies (Munk, 1992; Lebertz, 1999) of the acute toxicity of the dispersed pigment (chromium tin calcium silicon sphene) to fish (Danio rerio) and aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna) provide further evidence on the low potential for acute aquatic toxicity since an unbounded 96-h LC50 of > 10,000 mg/L and a 48-h EC50 of > 10,000 mg/L were derived, respectively.

 

In accordance with Figure IV.4 “Classification strategy for determining acute aquatic hazard for metal compounds” of ECHA Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria (Version 5.0, July 2017) and section 4.1.2.10.2. of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, the substance chromium tin calcium silicon sphene is poorly soluble and does not meet classification criteria for acute (short-term) aquatic hazard.

 

Regarding long-term toxicity, the poorly soluble substance chromium tin calcium silicon sphene is evaluated by comparing the dissolved metal ion levels resulting from the transformation/dissolution test after 28 days at a loading rate of 1 mg/L with the lowest chronic ecotoxicity reference values (ERVs) as determined for the (soluble) metal ions. The ERVs are based on the lowest NOEC/EC10 values for algae, invertebrates and fish. Chronic ERVs were obtained from the Metals classification tool (MeClas) database as follows: Chronic ERVs for calcium and silicon are not available since a concern for long-term toxicity of calcium and silicon ions was not identified (see also OECD, 2002 and 2004). For trivalent chromium and tin ions, the chronic ERVs are above 1 mg/L, and a concern for long-term (chronic) toxicity was also not identified (no classification). According to ECHA Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria (Version 5.0, July 2017), ”Where the chronic ERV for the metal ions of concern corrected for the molecular weight of the compound (further called as chronic ERV compound) is greater than 1 mg/L, the metal compounds need not to be considered further in the classification scheme for long-term hazard.” Due to the lack of a chronic aquatic hazard potential for calcium, chromium, silicon and tin ions and the fact that (after 28 days T/D at pH 8 and a loading of 1 mg/L) dissolved concentrations of chromium remained below the LOD (< 0.5 µg/L) and tin concentration amount to 3.8 µg Sn/L whereas the respective chronic ERV is above 1 mg/L, it can be concluded that the substance chromium tin calcium silicon sphene is not sufficiently soluble to cause long-term toxicity at the level of the chronic ERVs (expressed as NOEC/EC10).

 

In accordance with Figure IV.5 „Classification strategy for determining long-term aquatic hazard for metal compounds “of ECHA Guidance on the Application of the CLP Criteria (Version 5.0, July 2017) and section 4.1.2.10.2. of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, the substance chromium tin calcium silicon sphene is poorly soluble and does not meet classification criteria for chronic (long-term) aquatic hazard.

 

In sum, the substance chromium tin calcium silicon sphene is poorly soluble and does not meet classification criteria of Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 for acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) aquatic hazard.