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Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

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Administrative data

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference
Endpoint:
toxicity to terrestrial plants: short-term
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)
Version / remarks:
(proposal for revision, 2000)
Deviations:
not specified
GLP compliance:
no
Remarks:
This report was not generated under Good Laboratory Practice Standards. Data were generated in a non-GLP efficacy screening. However, the screening was performed according to standardised study protocols.
Analytical monitoring:
not specified
Vehicle:
yes
Remarks:
Acetone
Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
The test material was applied in 1000 L water/ha (with 0.1 % Renex 36) from a stock solution of spirodiclofen in acetone. Spray treatments are applied in the automatic spray chamber for primary screening tests. The spray chamber is adjusted as follows: pressure 3 bar; height of spray boom 45 cm; nozzle type: 8003E; water application rate to the target area 1000 L/ha; the material was applied in foliar applications of 2000 g/ha. For spray treatments the test solutions are briefly shaken and transferred to the spray nozzle immediately. Each application is automatically performed by touching a button. Prior to each change of test material the spray nozzle is cleaned at the rinsing station. The adjustments of the spray chamber are recalibrated every six months.
Species:
other: Alopecurus myosuroides
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: ALOMY
Species:
other: Avena fatua
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: AVEFA
Species:
other: Bromus secalinus
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: BROSE
Species:
other: Echinochloa crus-galli
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: ECHCG
Species:
Lolium perenne
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: LOLPE
Species:
other: Setaria viridis
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: SETVI
Species:
Sorghum vulgare
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: SORVU
Species:
Triticum aestivum
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: TRZAW
Species:
Zea mays
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: ZEAMX
Species:
other: Cyperus esculentus
Plant group:
Monocotyledonae (monocots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: CYPES
Species:
other: Abutilon theophrasti
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: ABUTH
Species:
other: Amaranthus retroflexus
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: AMARE
Species:
Beta vulgaris
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: BEAVA
Species:
other: Galium aparine
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: GALAP
Species:
Glycine max (G. soja)
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: GLXMA
Species:
other: Ipomoea spec.
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: IPOSS
Species:
other: Polygonum convolvulus
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: POLCO
Species:
other: Sinapis arvensis
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: SINAR
Species:
other: Veronica persica
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: VERPE
Species:
other: Viola spec.
Plant group:
Dicotyledonae (dicots)
Details on test organisms:
WSSA/WSSJ Code: VIOSS
Test type:
other: post-emergence toxicity test
Study type:
laboratory study
Substrate type:
natural soil
Remarks:
sandy loam, organic matter of 2.5%-3%
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
17 d
Post exposure observation period:
Evaluation of phytotoxicity was done by visual observations using a rating scale of 0 to 100%,
where 100% was complete destruction of above ground parts and 0% was no visual damage (normal
growth) as compared to untreated plants.
Test temperature:
The plants were kept at 22°C/15°C in a day/night rhythm.
pH:
not specified
Moisture:
The relative humidity in the test chamber was 50 %
Details on test conditions:
Seeds of all mentioned plant species were planted together into soil (sandy loam, organic matter of 2.5%-3%) in greenhouse pots of 420 cm² surface. Typically 10 seeds of each of the 11 species were placed. Plants were grown in the greenhouse for about 14 days prior to application of the test material. Growing plants were watered as needed. The duration of illumination (8000 lux) was 14 hours to 10 hours in a day/night rhythm. Plants used for the foliar treatments were grown for approximately 2 weeks prior to the application. The final evaluation was done 17 days after treatment.
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Single application dose of 2000 g/ha (nominal)
Key result
Species:
other: all species
Duration:
17 d
Dose descriptor:
NOEC
Effect conc.:
>= 2 000 g/ha
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
act. ingr.
Basis for effect:
phytotoxicity
Details on results:
Spirodiclofen was applied at a concentration of 2000 g/ha to the foliage of emerged plants. In the post-emergence test no phytotoxic effect was observed on all tested plant species at a concentration of 2000 g/ha.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
When applied to foliage (post-emergence) none of the 10 monocotyledoneous and 10 dicotyledoneous plant species out of 12 plant families showed any phytotoxic effects at a concentration of 2000 g/ha.
Executive summary:

Spirodiclofen was applied at a concentration of 2000 g/ha to the foliage of emerged plants. Spirodiclofen is a broad spectrum acaricide with a proposed maximum annual application rate of about 144 g/ha.
Findings: In the post-emergence test no phytotoxic effect was observed on all tested plant species at a concentration of 2000 g/ha.

Description of key information

In a post-ermergence non-GLP screening study, the tested plants showed no phytotoxicity up to the highest application rate of 2000 g a.s./ha. This was calculated to be 1.33 mg/kg dw soil using the default values of 10 cm soil depth and 1500 kg/m³ soil density.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants:
1.33 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information