Cobalt Lithium Manganese Nickel Oxide

Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour

Administrative data

Endpoint:

additional information on environmental fate and behaviour

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

not reported

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: see 'Remark'

Remarks:

Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results. The study report was conclusive and was done to a valid guideline.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2007

Report date:

2007

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD Guideline 29 (Guidance Document on Transformation/Dissolution of Metals and Metal Compounds in Aqueous Media)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The long term transformation/dissolution endpoint investigating metal ion release following 28 days of exposure at a loading rate of 1 mg/L was not included as part of the study.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

General guidance given in the draft OECD Transformation/Dissolution protocol. The experimental design includes the refinements, agreed by the ad hoc OECD Validation Management Group (VMG), as described in the Standard Operating Procedures prepared by CANMET and LISEC.

GLP compliance:

no

Type of study / information:

The information relates to the constituent metals leaching out of the test material into water under environmentally relevant conditions (water at pH 6) and provides a concentration of the metal ions in water after 7 days at loading rates of 1, 10 and 100 mg/L.

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

-

EC Number:

480-390-0

EC Name:

-

Cas Number:

182442-95-1

Molecular formula:

LiCoNiMnO2 with the stoechiometry of Co+Ni+Mn equal to 1 and the ranges of the elements approximately as: Li: >0.90 - <1.20 Co: >0.0 - <0.50 Ni: >0.20 - <0.98 Mn: >0.0 - <0.50 O: 2

IUPAC Name:

Cobalt Lithium Manganese Nickel Oxide

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): LiCoNiMnO₂ (Cellcore MX)

Results and discussion

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Screening Test Results (mean values from 3 replicates)

pH 6.0
Time (h)	Mn (µg/L)	Co (µg/L)	Li (µg/L)	Ni (µg/L)
0	14.7	10.5	130.5	14.1
24	127.2	133.5	271.2	154.6
48	166.1	184.8	323.3	203.8
pH 7.0
Time (h)	Mn (µg/L)	Co (µg/L)	Li (µg/L)	Ni (µg/L)
0	2.5	0.9	100.7	2.6
24	32.6	37.4	175.4	57.4
48	32.4	43.6	191.2	66.1
pH 8 .0
Time (h)	Mn (µg/L)	Co (µg/L)	Li (µg/L)	Ni (µg/L)
0	0.7	0.6	90.8	4.1
24	2.7	7.0	150.6	21.8
48	2.2	7.2	143.3	21.0

Table 2: Transformation/Dissolution Results at pH 6 (mean values from 3 replicates)

1 mg/L
Time (h)	Mn (µg/L)	Co (µg/L)	Li (µg/L)	Ni (µg/L)
0	0.7	0.2	1.1	0.5
2	1.0	0.4	1.6	0.8
6	0.9	0.6	2.0	0.8
24	2.1	1.4	2.5	1.7
48	2.3	1.7	3.0	1.9
96	2.6	2.1	3.6	2.3
168	3.0	2.6	4.1	2.8
10 mg/L
Time (h)	Mn (µg/L)	Co (µg/L)	Li (µg/L)	Ni (µg/L)
0	1.7	0.8	11.2	1.4
2	5.6	4.2	15.2	6.0
6	8.5	7.4	20.2	9.4
24	15.5	15.8	26.4	18.2
48	20.2	20.7	34.3	22.2
96	30.0	32.2	44.7	33.4
168	37.4	40.5	52.3	42.9
100 mg/L
Time (h)	Mn (µg/L)	Co (µg/L)	Li (µg/L)	Ni (µg/L)
0	5.2	2.8	112.6	5.9
2	28.1	21.6	137.1	35.4
6	49.0	44.0	174.1	61.2
24	110.0	113.1	225.3	132.5
48	131.2	137.8	262.0	153.4
96	160.2	174.9	304.5	189.2
168	177.3	201.3	334.4	217.2
100 mg/L (repeat)
Time (h)	Mn (µg/L)	Co (µg/L)	Li (µg/L)	Ni (µg/L)
0	9.6	5.6	103.6	8.6
2	37.5	35.3	149.3	48.9
6	65.5	67.0	180.1	82.5
24	157.3	160.4	280.7	177.4
48	166.6	177.6	307.2	190.8
96	217.9	238.2	360.3	254.7
168	223.6	254.0	374.7	268.2

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of the study, the concentrations of Mn, Co, Li and Ni measured in solution following a 7 day agitation period at the test material loading rate of 1 mg/L were 3.0, 2.6, 4.1 and 2.8 µg/L, respectively.
The concentrations of Mn, Co, Li and Ni measured in solution following a 7 day agitation period at the test material loading rate of 10 mg/L were 37.4, 40.5, 52.3 and 42.9 µg/L, respectively.
The concentrations of Mn, Co, Li and Ni measured in solution following a 7 day agitation period at the test material loading rate of 100 mg/L were 223.6, 254.0, 374.7 and 268.2 µg/L, respectively.

Executive summary:

The extent of transformation/dissolution of each individual constituent metal from the test material was investigated in a study which was conducted in accordance with the standardised guideline OECD 29.

A screening test was first conducted to ascertain the pH of maximum metal release. The test material was introduced into the aqueous media (pH 6, 7 and 8) at a single loading of 100 mg/L. After 24 and 48 hours of agitation, the dissolved metal ion concentrations were measured. The highest level of release of the metals was from the pH 6 solution and so the definitive study was conducted at this pH.

In the definitive study, three different test material loadings were investigated (1, 10 and 100 mg/L). The level of release of the metals was measured after a 7 day agitation period at all three loading rates.

Under the conditions of the study, the concentrations of Mn, Co, Li and Ni measured in solution following a 7 day agitation period at the test material loading rate of 1 mg/L were 3.0, 2.6, 4.1 and 2.8 µg/L, respectively.

The concentrations of Mn, Co, Li and Ni measured in solution following a 7 day agitation period at the test material loading rate of 10 mg/L were 37.4, 40.5, 52.3 and 42.9 µg/L, respectively.

The concentrations of Mn, Co, Li and Ni measured in solution following a 7 day agitation period at the test material loading rate of 100 mg/L were 223.6, 254.0, 374.7 and 268.2 µg/L, respectively.