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EC number: 273-761-1 | CAS number: 69012-64-2 Amorphous silicon dioxide particles from the volatilization and vaporization of furnace feed materials in the manufacture of ferrosilicon and silicon.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- No toxicological data were available for silica fume and, therefore, a read-across approach was used. The dissolution, composition and surface properties were the most important parameters considered when deciding which substances can be used for read-across.
Based on the composition, surface characteristics, and bioaccessibility data, silica fume was assumed to have toxicological properties similar to those of sparingly synthetic amorphous silicas. Therefore read-across was carried out using available toxicological studies with synthetic amorphous silica (SAS).
Details on the read-across approach are presented in Iuclid section 13.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
Reference
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- other: A scientific review by an authorative international body
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- OECD evaluated the available test data on synthetic amorphous silica.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- 'yes' status in critical studies
- Test type:
- other: different acute inhalation toxicity tests
- Species:
- rat
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect level:
- > 0.139 mg/L air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: hydrophilic pyrogenic silica
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect level:
- > 0.691 mg/L air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: hydrophilic precipitated silica
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 2.08 mg/L air
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Remarks on result:
- other: hydrophilic pyrogenic silica
- Interpretation of results:
- practically nontoxic
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: OECD GHS
- Conclusions:
- OECD (2004) includes seven acute inhalation toxicity studies with synthetic amorphous silica, of which three are regarded as critical studies for SIDS endpoint. These three studies are conducted with hydrophilic pyrogenic or precipitated silica. In a study where LC50 >2.08 mg/L was suggested, none of the animals died. The SAS dusts are considered as acutely non-toxic.
- Executive summary:
The OECD (2004) reviewed that there was no lethal effects following inhalation exposure of rats to the highest technically feasible concentrations of 140 to 2,000 mg/m3 of hydrophilic precipitated or pyrogenic silica. However, the acute inhalation of synthetic amorphous silica dust may cause discomfort and stress as well as signs of local irritation to the nasal, bronchiolar and ocular mucous membranes. In conclusion, the synthetic amorphous silica dust is considered to be acutely non-toxic via an inhalation route.
All acute inhalation studies performed with dry dust were hampered by the technical problem to achieve the recommended highest test concentration of 5 mg/l, apparently attributable to the high adhesive forces which caused rapid precipitation onto equipment walls. Therefore, the maximum attainable chamber concentrations were distinctly lower than envisaged.
Data source
Materials and methods
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Fumes, silica
- EC Number:
- 273-761-1
- EC Name:
- Fumes, silica
- Cas Number:
- 69012-64-2
- Molecular formula:
- SiO2
- IUPAC Name:
- silanedione
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): high grade silica fume; low grade silica fume
- Analytical purity: high grade: SiO2 96.4% (w/w); low grade: SiO2 83.8% (w/w)
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 2.08 mg/L air
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The OECD (2004) reviewed that there was no lethal effects following inhalation exposure of rats to the highest technically feasible concentrations of 140 to 2,000 mg/m3 of hydrophilic precipitated or pyrogenic silica.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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